
MC68HC16Z1TUT/D
The part number for a surface mount 32.768 kHz crystal with a temperature range of –40 to +85 degrees
Celsius is FSM327. This crystal also comes in other packages.
KDS (Daishinku) — (913) 491-6825
The part number for a surface mount 32.768 kHz crystal with a temperature range of –40 to +85 degrees
Celsius is DMX-38. This crystal comes in other packages.
Statek — (714) 639-7810
The part number for a surface mount 32.768 kHz crystal that can be used at 25 degrees Celsius is CX-
1VS-SMI 32.768kHz. For a temperature range of –40 to 85 degrees Celsius, the part number is CX-
1VS-SMI 32.768kHz A/I.
2.5.2.2 Grit and Grime
Oscillators are quite sensitive to dirt, solder flux, grease and other conducting materials on the circuit
board. These materials can allow a very high resistance leakage path from one of the amplifier pins to
either ground or the positive terminal of the power supply. When the oscillator has power applied but
has not started, the crystal and bypass capacitors appear as DC open circuits. An oscillator in a DC
condition would appear as shown in Figure 4.
The resistor, Rd, represents a high-resistance leakage path, somewhere in the range of 5 to 20 M
.
The feedback resistor, Rf, is also in this range. Assuming that Rd and Rf are both 10 M
, the voltage
at point A is half the voltage difference between points B and C. Thus, if the XTAL pin is at a logic 1 (4.5
volts) and point C is at ground, the voltage at point A (EXTAL pin) will be 2.25 volts. If point B is at a
logic 0 (0.5 volts) and point C is at ground, the voltage at point A is 0.25 volts. Thus, the voltage at point
A may be interpreted as a logic 0 regardless of whether the XTAL pin is a logic 1 or a logic 0. This de-
pends on the threshold of the inverter whose input is connected to point A. Likewise, if point C is con-
nected to 5 volts, point A may be interpreted as a logic 1 regardless of the state of the XTAL pin. A circuit
with this problem will not oscillate.
The only way to diagnose this problem is to remove the external circuit components as well as the MCU
from the board and use an Ohm meter to check the resistance from points A and B to ground. Anything
other than a completely open circuit is a sign of trouble. The obvious solution is to clean the printed cir-
cuit board. If the dirt or grime that form the high resistance path is on an inner layer of the printed circuit
board, the board is unusable.
Figure 4 DC Model of Oscillator Circuit
332TUT XTAL RF/RD CONN
XTAL
EXTAL
Rf
TO +5 OR GND
Rd
A
B
C
INTERNAL AMPLIFIER
10 M
10 M
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
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