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AD9920A
Rev. B | Page 60 of 112
XSUBCNT
SUBCK
XSUBCK
VH
VMM
VLL
06
87
8-
0
80
Figure 80. XSUBCNT, XSUBCK, and SUBCK Output Polarities
V-DRIVER SLEW RATE CONTROL
SUBSTRATE CLOCK OPERATION (SUBCK)
The AD9920A allows the user to moderate the slew rates of the
V-driver outputs when transitioning to VM and VL (this feature
does not affect transitions to VH). This feature minimizes cou-
pling from V-driver activity that occurs while the AD9920A is
clocking valid image pixel data out of the CCD.
The CCD image exposure time is controlled by the substrate
clock signal (SUBCK), which pulses the CCD substrate to clear
out accumulated charge. The AD9920A supports three types of
electronic shuttering: normal, high precision, and low speed.
Along with the SUBCK pulse placement, the AD9920A can
accommodate different readout configurations to further
suppress the SUBCK pulses during multiple field readouts.
There are both coarse and fine mechanisms for controlling the
slew rate of the V1A to V13 outputs. If SRSW = VDD and
SRCTL = VDD, the V1A to V13 switches have roughly 10%
of their normal drive strength (that is, when SRSW = VSS).
If SRSW = VDD and SRCTL < VDD, the voltage applied to
SRCTL controls the slew rate for V1A to V13 transitions from
VM to VL and from VL to VM. For values from 800 mV to
VDD, V1A to V13 transition at a fraction of their maximum
slew rate that is roughly proportional to the voltage applied to
SRCTL. (It is not recommended that voltages less than 800 mV
be applied to SRCTL.)
The SUBCK signal is a programmable string of pulses, each
occupying a line following the primary sense gate active line,
SGACTLINE1 (see
Table 43). The SUBCK signal has program-
mable pulse width, line placement, and number of pulses to
accurately control the exposure time.
SUBCK Normal Operation
By default, the AD9920A operates in the normal SUBCK
configuration, in which the SUBCK signal is pulsing in every
VD field (see
Figure 81). The SUBCK pulse occurs once per
line, and the total number of repetitions within the field
determines the length of the exposure time. The SUBCK
pulse polarity and toggle positions within a line are program-
mable using the SUBCK_POL and SUBCK_TOG1 registers
(see
Table 43). The number of SUBCK pulses per field is
programmed in the SUBCKNUM register (Address 0x75).
The user must tune this voltage for the specific system to
determine the optimal setting that ensures maximum charge
transfer efficiency and minimizes any coupling from V-driver
activity into the image. V14, V15, and V16 are permanently
weak compared with V1A to V13 and are not affected by the
slew rate control function. Note that the slew rate control
feature is intended only for use with CCDs that require V-driver
activity outside the normal horizontal clock blanking region.
As shown in
Figure 81, the SUBCK pulses always begin in the line
following the SG active line, which is specified in the SGACTLINE
registers for each field. The SUBCK_POL, SUBCK_TOG1,
SUBCK_TOG2, SUBCKNUM, and SUBCKSUPPRESS registers
are updated at the start of the line after the sensor gate line, as
SHUTTER TIMING CONTROL
The AD9920A supports the generation of electronic shuttering
(SUBCK) and also features flexible general-purpose outputs
(GPOs) to control mechanical shuttering, CCD substrate bias
switching, and strobe circuitry. In the following sections, the
terms sense gate (SG) and vertical sense gate (VSG) are used
interchangeably.