
CS8952
CrystalLAN 100BASE-X and 10BASE-T Transceiver
23
Table 3. 4B5B Code Violation Decoding
3.1.1.2
100 Mb/s Loopback
One of two internal 100BASE-TX loopback modes
can be selected. Local loopback redirects the
TXD[3:0] input data to RXD[3:0] data outputs
through the 4B5B coders and scramblers. Local
loopback is selected by asserting pin LPBK, by set-
ting the LPBK bit (bit 14) in the Basic Mode Con-
trol Register (address 00h) or by setting bits 8 and
11 in the Loopback, Bypass, and Receiver Error
Mask Register (address 18h) as shown in Table
4
.
Remoteloopback redirectstheanalog lineinterface
inputs to the analog line driver outputs. Remote
loopback is selected by setting bit 9 in the Loop-
back, Bypass, and Receiver Error Mask Register
(address 18h) as shown in Table
4
.
When changing between local and non-loopback
modes, the data on RXD[3:0] will be undefined for
approximately 330 μs.
3.1.2
100BASE-X Repeater Application
The CS8952 provides two low latency modes for
repeater applications. These are selected by assert-
ing either pin BPALIGN or BP4B5B. Both pins
have the effect of bypassing the 4B5B encoder and
decoder. Bypassing the coders decreases latency,
and uses a 5-bit wide parallel code group interface
on pins RXD[4:0] and TXD[4:0] instead of the 4-
bitwideMIInibbleinterfaceonpins RXD[3:0]and
TXD[3:0]. In repeater mode, pin RX_ER is rede-
fined as the fifth receive data bit (RXD4), and pin
TX_ER is redefined as the fifth transmit data bit
(TXD4).
BPALIGN can also be selected by setting bit 12 in
Loopback, Bypass, and Receiver Error Mask Reg-
ister(address 18h). BP4B5B can be selected by set-
ting bit 14 of the same register.
Pin BPALIGN causes more of the CS8952 to be
bypassedthantheBP4B5Bpin.BPALIGNalsoby-
passes the scrambler/descrambler, and the NRZI to
NRZ converters (see Figure
1
). Also, for repeater
applications, pin REPEATER should be asserted to
redefinethefunction oftheCRS(carriersense)pin.
The REPEATER function may also be invoked by
setting bit 12 in the PCS Sublayer Configuration
Register (address 17h).
For repeater applications, the RX_EN pin can be
used to gate the receive data pins (RXD[4:0],
V6
V7
V8
V9
01000
01100
10000
11001
0110 or 0101 (Note
2
)
0110 or 0101 (Note
2
)
0110 or 0101 (Note
2
)
0110 or 0101 (Note
2
)
1100
1101
1110
1111
1.
2.
CONTROL code groups become violations when found in the data portion of the frame.
Invalid code groups are mapped to 5h unless the Code Error Report select bit in the Loopback,
Bypass, and Receiver Error Mask Register (address 18h) is set, in which case invalid code groups are
mapped to 6h.
Code Violations (RX_ER = 1 or TX_ER = 1)
Name
5-bit Symbol
Normal Mode 4-bit
Nibble
Error Report
Mode 4-bit
Nibble
Comments
Remote
Loopback
(bit 9)
0
0
1
1
PMD
Loopback
(bit 8)
0
1
0
1
Function
No Loopback
Local Loopback (toward MII)
Remote Loopback (toward line)
Operation is undefined
Table 4.