
2-16
SYM53C825A/825AE Data Manual
Functional Description
Synchronous Operation
(Re)Select During
(Re)Selection
In multi-threaded SCSI I/O environments, it is not
uncommon to be selected or reselected while try-
ing to perform selection/reselection. T his situation
may occur when a SCSI controller (operating in
initiator mode) tries to select a target and is rese-
lected by another. T he Select SCRIPT S instruc-
tion has an alternate address to which the
SCRIPT S will jump when this situation occurs.
T he analogous situation for target devices is being
selected while trying to perform a reselection.
Once a change in operating mode occurs, the initi-
ator SCRIPT S should start with a Set Initiator
instruction or the target SCRIPT S should start
with a Set Target instruction. T he Selection and
Reselection Enable bits (SCID bits 5 and 6,
respectively) should both be asserted so that the
SYM53C825A may respond as an initiator or as a
target. If only selection is enabled, the
SYM53C825A cannot be reselected as an initiator.
T here are also status and interrupt bits in the
SIST 0 and SIEN0 registers, respectively, indicat-
ing that the SYM53C825A has been selected (bit
5) and reselected (bit 4).
Synchronous Operation
T he SYM53C825A can transfer synchronous
SCSI data in both initiator and target modes. T he
SX FER register controls both the synchronous off-
set and the transfer period. It may be loaded by the
CPU before SCRIPT S execution begins, from
within SCRIPT S via a Table Indirect I/O instruc-
tion, or with a Read-Modify-Write instruction.
T he SYM53C825A can receive data from the
SCSI bus at a synchronous transfer period as short
as 80 ns or 160 ns (with a 50 MHz clock), regard-
less of the transfer period used to send data. T he
SYM53C825A can receive data at one-fourth of
the divided SCLK frequency. Depending on the
SCLK frequency, the negotiated transfer period,
and the synchronous clock divider, the
SYM53C825A can send synchronous data at
intervals as short as 100 ns for fast SCSI and 200
ns for SCSI-1.
Determining the
Data Transfer Rate
Synchronous data transfer rates are controlled by
bits in two different registers of the
SYM53C825A. A brief description of the bits is
provided below. Figure 2-5 illustrates the clock
division factors used in each register, and the role
of the register bits in determining the transfer rate.
SCNT L3 Register, bits 6–4 (SCF2–0)
T he SCF2-0 bits select the factor by which the fre-
quency of SCLK is divided before being presented
to the synchronous SCSI control logic. T he output
from this divider controls the rate at which data
can be received; this rate must not exceed 50
MHz. T he receive rate of synchronous SCSI data
is 1/4 of the SCF divider output. For example, if
SCLK is 40 MHz and the SCF value is set to
divide by one, then the maximum rate at which
data can be received is 10 MHz (40/(1*4) = 10).