
CYP15G04K100V1-MGC
CYP15G04K200V2-MGC
PRELIMINARY
Document #: 38-02044 Rev **
Page 18 of 78
Data Encoding
Raw data, as received directly from the Transmit Input Regis-
ter, is seldom in a form suitable for transmission across a serial
link. The characters must usually be processed or transformed
to guarantee
a minimum transition density (to allow the serial receive PLL
to extract a clock from the data stream)
a DC-balance in the signaling (to prevent baseline wander)
run-length limits in the serial data (to limit the bandwidth of
the link)
the remote receiver a way of determining the correct char-
acter boundaries (framing).
When the Encoder is enabled (TXMODE[1]
≠
L), the charac-
ters to be transmitted are converted from Data or Special
Character codes to 10-bit transmission characters (as select-
ed by their respective TXCTx[1:0] and SCSEL inputs), using
an integrated 8B/10B encoder. When directed to encode the
character as a Special Character code, it is encoded using the
Special Character encoding rules listed in
Table 30
. When di-
rected to encode the character as a Data character, it is en-
coded using the Data Character encoding rules in
Table 29
.
The 8B/10B encoder is standards compliant with ANSI/NCITS
ASC X3.230-1994 (Fibre Channel), IEEE 802.3z (Gigabit
Ethernet), the IBM
ESCON
and FICON
channels, and
ATM Forum standards for data transport.
Many of the Special Character codes listed in
Table 30
may be
generated by more than one input character. The PSI trans-
ceiver block is designed to support two independent (but non-
overlapping) Special Character code tables. This allows the
PSI transceiver block to operate in mixed environments with
other PSI transceiver blocks using the enhanced Cypress
command code set and the reduced command sets of other
non-Cypress devices. Even when used in an environment that
normally uses non-Cypress Special Character codes, the se-
lective use of Cypress command codes can permit operation
where running disparity and error handling must be managed.
Following conversion of each input character from 8 bits to a
10-bit transmission character, it is passed to the Transmit
Shifter and is shifted out LSB first, as required by ANSI and
IEEE standards for 8B/10B coded serial data streams.
Transmit Modes
The operating mode of the transmit path is set through the
TXMODE[1:0] inputs. These three-level select inputs allow
one of nine transmit modes to be selected. Within each of
these operating modes, the actual characters generated by the
Encoder logic block are also controlled both by these and other
static and dynamic control signals. The transmit modes are
listed in
Table 9
.
The encoded modes (TX Modes 3 through 8) support multiple
encoding tables. These encoding tables vary by the specific
combinations of TXCTx[1] and TXCTx[0] that are used to con-
trol the generation of data and control characters. These mul-
tiple encoding forms allow maximum flexibility in interfacing to
legacy applications, while also supporting numerous exten-
sions in capabilities.
TX Mode 0
—
Encoder Bypass
When the Encoder is bypassed, the character captured in the
TXDx[7:0] and TXCTx[1:0] inputs is passed directly to the
transmit shifter without modification. With the encoder by-
passed, the TXCTx[1:0] inputs are considered part of the data
character and do not perform a control function that would oth-
erwise modify the interpretation of the TXDx[7:0] bits. The bit
usage and mapping of these control bits when the Encoder is
bypassed is shown in
Table 10
.
In this mode the SCSEL input is not interpreted. All clocking
modes interpret the data the same, with no internal linking
between channels.
TX Modes 1 and 2
—
Factory Test Modes
These modes enable specific factory test configurations. They
are not considered normal operating modes of the device. En-
Table 9. Transmit Operating Modes
TX Mode
Operating Mode
M
N
T
LL
LM
LH
ML
MM
[
Word Sync Sequence
Support
None
None
None
Atomic
Atomic
TXCTx Function
Encoder Bypass
Reserved for test
Reserved for test
Encoder Control
Encoder Control
0
1
2
3
4
None
None
None
Word Sync
Special
Character
Word Sync
+ Special
Character
Word Sync
Special
Character
Word Sync
+ Special
Character
5
MH
Atomic
Encoder Control
6
7
HL
HM
Interruptible
Interruptible
Encoder Control
Encoder Control
8
HH
Interruptible
Encoder Control
Table 10. Encoder Bypass Mode (TXMODE[1:0] = LL)
Signal Name
TXDx[0]
(LSB)
TXDx[1]
TXDx[2]
TXDx[3]
TXDx[4]
TXDx[5]
TXDx[6]
TXDx[7]
TXCTx[0]
TXCTx[1]
(MSB)
Bus Weight
2
0
2
1
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
5
2
6
2
7
2
8
2
9
10B Name
a
[4]
b
c
d
e
i
f
g
h
j
Note:
4.
LSB is shifted out first.