參數資料
型號: PIC12F505
廠商: Microchip Technology Inc.
元件分類: 8位微控制器
英文描述: 8/14-Pin, 8-Bit Flash Microcontrollers
中文描述: 8/14-Pin,8位閃存微控制器
文件頁數: 57/100頁
文件大小: 741K
代理商: PIC12F505
2007 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS41236C-page 55
PIC12F508/509/16F505
8.0
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
The PIC16 instruction set is highly orthogonal and is
comprised of three basic categories.
Byte-oriented
operations
Bit-oriented
operations
Literal and control
operations
Each PIC16 instruction is a 12-bit word divided into an
opcode
, which specifies the instruction type, and one
or more
operands
which further specify the operation
of the instruction. The formats for each of the catego-
ries is presented in Figure 8-1, while the various
opcode fields are summarized in Table 8-1.
For
byte-oriented
instructions, ‘
f
’ represents a file reg-
ister designator and ‘
d
’ represents a destination desig-
nator. The file register designator specifies which file
register is to be used by the instruction.
The destination designator specifies where the result of
the operation is to be placed. If ‘
d
’ is ‘
0
’, the result is
placed in the W register. If ‘
d
’ is ‘
1
’, the result is placed
in the file register specified in the instruction.
For
bit-oriented
instructions, ‘
b
’ represents a bit field
designator which selects the number of the bit affected
by the operation, while ‘
f
’ represents the number of the
file in which the bit is located.
For
literal and control
operations, ‘
k
’ represents an
8 or 9-bit constant or literal value.
TABLE 8-1:
OPCODE FIELD
DESCRIPTIONS
All instructions are executed within a single instruction
cycle, unless a conditional test is true or the program
counter is changed as a result of an instruction. In this
case, the execution takes two instruction cycles. One
instruction cycle consists of four oscillator periods.
Thus, for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, the normal
instruction execution time is 1
μ
s. If a conditional test is
true or the program counter is changed as a result of an
instruction, the instruction execution time is 2
μ
s.
Figure 8-1 shows the three general formats that the
instructions can have. All examples in the figure use
the following format to represent a hexadecimal
number:
0xhhh
where ‘h’ signifies a hexadecimal digit.
FIGURE 8-1:
GENERAL FORMAT FOR
INSTRUCTIONS
Field
Description
f
W
b
k
x
Register file address (0x00 to 0x7F)
Working register (accumulator)
Bit address within an 8-bit file register
Literal field, constant data or label
Don’t care location (=
0
or
1
)
The assembler will generate code with x =
0
. It is
the recommended form of use for compatibility with
all Microchip software tools.
Destination select;
d
=
0
(store result in W)
d
=
1
(store result in file register ‘
f
’)
Default is
d
=
1
Label name
Top-of-Stack
Program Counter
Watchdog Timer counter
Time-out bit
Power-down bit
Destination, either the W register or the specified
register file location
Options
Contents
Assigned to
Register bit field
In the set of
User defined term (font is courier)
d
label
TOS
PC
WDT
TO
PD
dest
[ ]
( )
< >
italics
Byte-oriented file register operations
11 6 5 4 0
OPCODE d f (FILE #)
d =
0
for destination W
d =
1
for destination f
f = 5-bit file register address
Bit-oriented file register operations
11 8 7 5 4 0
OPCODE b (BIT #) f (FILE #)
b = 3-bit bit address
f = 5-bit file register address
Literal and control operations
(except
GOTO
)
11 8 7 0
OPCODE k (literal)
k = 8-bit immediate value
Literal and control operations
GOTO
instruction
11 9 8 0
OPCODE k (literal)
k = 9-bit immediate value
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