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REV. 0
AD9772
–19–
RATIO – f
OUT
/f
DATA
120
0
0
0.45
0.05
I
D
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
100
80
60
40
20
f
DATA
= 25MSPS
f
DATA
= 65MSPS
f
DATA
= 150MSPS
f
DATA
= 125MSPS
f
DATA
= 100MSPS
f
DATA
= 50MSPS
Figure 39. I
DVDD
vs. Ratio @ DVDD = 3 V
f
DATA
– MSPS
9
0
0
160
20
I
40
60
80
100
120
140
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
I
CLKVDD
I
PLLVDD
Figure 40. I
PLLVDD
and I
CLKVDD
vs. f
DATA
APPLYING THE AD9772
OUTPUT CONFIGURATIONS
The following sections illustrate some typical output configura-
tions for the AD9772. Unless otherwise noted, it is assumed
that I
OUTFS
is set to a nominal 20 mA for optimum performance.
For applications requiring the optimum dynamic performance, a
differential output configuration is highly recommended. A
differential output configuration may consist of either an RF
transformer or a differential op amp configuration. The trans-
former configuration provides the optimum high frequency
performance and is recommended for any application allowing
for ac coupling. The differential op amp configuration is suitable
for applications requiring dc coupling, a bipolar output, signal
gain and/or level shifting.
A single-ended output is suitable for applications requiring a
unipolar voltage output. A positive unipolar output voltage will
result if IOUTA and/or IOUTB is connected to an appropriately
sized load resistor, R
LOAD
, referred to ACOM. This configura-
tion may be more suitable for a single-supply system requiring a
dc-coupled, ground-referred output voltage. Alternatively, an
amplifier could be configured as an I-V converter, thus convert-
ing IOUTA or IOUTB into a negative unipolar voltage. This
configuration provides the best dc linearity since IOUTA or
IOUTB is maintained at a virtual ground.
DIFFERENTIAL COUPLING USING A TRANSFORMER
An RF transformer can be used to perform a differential-to-
single-ended signal conversion as shown in Figure 41. A
differentially-coupled transformer output provides the optimum
distortion performance for output signals whose spectral content
lies within the transformer’s passband. An RF transformer such
as the Mini-Circuits T1-1T provides excellent rejection of
common-mode distortion (i.e., even-order harmonics) and noise
over a wide frequency range. It also provides electrical isolation
and the ability to deliver twice the power to the load. Trans-
formers with different impedance ratios may also be used for
impedance matching purposes. Note that the transformer
provides ac coupling only and its linearity performance degrades
at the low end of its frequency range due to core saturation.
OPTIONAL
R
DIFF
R
LOAD
MINI-CIRCUITS
T1-1T
AD9772
IOUTA
IOUTB
Figure 41. Differential Output Using a Transformer
The center tap on the primary side of the transformer must be
connected to ACOM to provide the necessary dc current path
for both IOUTA and IOUTB. The complementary voltages
appearing at IOUTA and IOUTB (i.e., V
OUTA
and V
OUTB
)
swing symmetrically around ACOM and should be maintained
with the specified output compliance range of the AD9772. A
differential resistor, R
DIFF
, may be inserted in applications in
which the output of the transformer is connected to the load,
R
LOAD
, via a passive reconstruction filter or cable. R
DIFF
is deter-
mined by the transformer’s impedance ratio and provides the
proper source termination that results in a low VSWR (Voltage
Standing Wave Ratio). Note that approximately half the signal
power will be dissipated across R
DIFF
.
DIFFERENTIAL COUPLING USING AN OP AMP
An op amp can also be used to perform a differential-to-single-
ended conversion as shown in Figure 42. The AD9772 is con-
figured with two equal load resistors, R
LOAD
, of 25
. The
differential voltage developed across IOUTA and IOUTB is
converted to a single-ended signal via the differential op amp
configuration. An optional capacitor can be installed across
IOUTA and IOUTB, forming a real pole in a low-pass filter.
The addition of this capacitor also enhances the op amp’s dis-
tortion performance by preventing the DAC’s high slewing
output from overloading the op amp’s input.
AD9772
IOUTA
IOUTB
AD8055
C
OPT
25
V
25
V
225
V
225
V
500
V
500
V
Figure 42. DC Differential Coupling Using an Op Amp
The common-mode rejection of this configuration is typically
determined by the resistor matching. In this circuit, the differ-
ential op amp circuit using the AD8055 is configured to provide