
3-22
suppressed during the initialization cycle. The next cycle is an
S0, S1, or an S2 but never an S3. With the use of a 71 instruc-
tion followed by 00 at memory locations 0000 and 0001, this
feature may be used to reset IE, so as to preclude interrupts
until ready for them. Power-up reset can be realized by con-
necting an RC network directly to the CLEAR pin, since it has a
Schmitt triggered input, see Figure 24.
V
CC
Pause
Stops the internal CPU timing generator on the first negative
high-to-low transition of the input clock. The oscillator contin-
ues to operate, but subsequent clock transitions are ignored.
Run
May be initiated from the Pause or Reset mode functions. If
initiated from Pause, the CPU resumes operation on the first
negative high-to-low transition of the input clock. When initi-
ated from the Reset operation, the first machine cycle follow-
ing Reset is always the initialization cycle. The initialization
cycle is then followed by a DMA (S2) cycle or fetch (S0) from
location 0000 in memory.
Run-Mode State Transitions
The CPU state transitions when in the RUN and RESET
modes are shown in Figure 25. Each machine cycle requires
the same period of time, 8 clock pulses, except the initializa-
tion cycle, which requires 9 clock pulses. The execution of
an instruction requires either two or three machine cycles,
S0 followed by a single S1 cycle or two S1 cycles. S2 is the
response to a DMA request and S3 is the interrupt response.
Table 2 shows the conditions on Data Bus and Memory
Address lines during all machine states.
Instruction Set
The CPU instruction summary is given in Table 1. Hexadeci-
mal notation is used to refer to the 4-bit binary codes.
In all registers bits are numbered from the least significant
bit (LSB) to the most significant bit (MSB) starting with 0.
R(W): Register designated by W, where
W = N or X, or P
R(W).0: Lower order byte of R(W)
R(W).1: Higher order byte of R(W)
Operation Notation
M(R(N))
→
D; R(N) + 1
→
R(N)
This notation means: The memory byte pointed to by R(N) is
loaded into D, and R(N) is incremented by 1.
CLEAR
R
S
C
CDP1802
3
THE RC TIME CONSTANT
SHOULD BE GREATER THAN
THE OSCILLATOR START-UP
TIME (TYPICALLY 20ms)
FIGURE 24. RESET DIAGRAM
FIGURE 25. STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM
S2 DMA
S1 RESET
S1 EXECUTE
S0 FETCH
S3 INT
S1 INIT
DMA
DMA
DMA
INT
DMA
DMA
IDLE
DMA
INT
FORCE S1
(LONG BRANCH,
LONG SKIP, NOP, ETC.)
DMA
IDLE
INT
DMA
DMA
INT
DMA
PRIORITY: FORCE S0, S1
DMA IN
DMA OUT
INT
INT
DMA
CDP1802A, CDP1802AC, CDP1802BC