參數(shù)資料
型號: AD8175ABPZ
廠商: Analog Devices Inc
文件頁數(shù): 29/40頁
文件大?。?/td> 0K
描述: IC CROSSPOINT SWITCH TRPL 676BGA
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包裝: 1
功能: 交叉點開關(guān)
電路: 3 x 16:9
電壓電源: 單/雙電源
電壓 - 電源,單路/雙路(±): 4.5 V ~ 5.5 V,±2.5V
電流 - 電源: 600mA
工作溫度: -40°C ~ 85°C
安裝類型: 表面貼裝
封裝/外殼: 676-BGA
供應(yīng)商設(shè)備封裝: 676-BGA(27x27)
包裝: 管件
Data Sheet
AD8175
Rev. B | Page 35 of 40
example, input channel INPUT0. INPUT0 is programmed to
connect to one of the AD8175 outputs where the measurement
can be made.
First, the crosstalk terms associated with driving a test signal
into each of the other 15 input channels can be measured one at
a time, while applying no signal to INPUT0. Then, the crosstalk
terms associated with driving a parallel test signal into all 15
other inputs can be measured two at a time in all possible
combinations, then three at a time, and so on, until, finally,
there is only one way to drive a test signal into all 15 other input
channels in parallel.
Each of these cases is legitimately different from the others and
might yield a unique value, depending on the resolution of the
measurement system, but it is hardly practical to measure all
these terms and then specify them. In addition, this describes
the crosstalk matrix for just one input channel. A similar
crosstalk matrix can be proposed for every other input. In
addition, if the possible combinations and permutations for
connecting inputs to the other outputs (not used for measure-
ment) are taken into consideration, the numbers rather quickly
grow to astronomical proportions. If a larger crosspoint array of
multiple AD8175s is constructed, the numbers grow larger still.
Obviously, some subset of all these cases must be selected to be
used as a guide for a practical measure of crosstalk. One
common method is to measure all hostile crosstalk; this means
that the crosstalk to the selected channel is measured while all
other system channels are driven in parallel. In general, this
yields the worst crosstalk number, but this is not always the
case, due to the vector nature of the crosstalk signal.
Other useful crosstalk measurements are those created by one
nearest neighbor or by the two nearest neighbors on either side.
These crosstalk measurements are generally higher than those
of more distant channels, so they can serve as a worst-case
measure for any other one-channel or two-channel crosstalk
measurements.
Input and Output Crosstalk
Capacitive coupling is voltage-driven (dV/dt), but is generally a
constant ratio. Capacitive crosstalk is proportional to input or
output voltage, but this ratio is not reduced by simply reducing
signal swings. Attenuation factors must be changed by changing
impedances (lowering mutual capacitance), or destructive
canceling must be utilized by summing equal and out of phase
components. For high input impedance devices such as the
AD8175, capacitances generally dominate input-generated
crosstalk.
Inductive coupling is proportional to current (dI/dt), and often
scales as a constant ratio with signal voltage, but also shows a
dependence on impedances (load current). Inductive coupling
can also be reduced by constructive canceling of equal and out
of phase fields. In the case of driving low impedance video
loads, output inductances contribute highly to output crosstalk.
The flexible programming capability of the AD8175 can be used
to diagnose whether crosstalk is occurring more on the input
side or the output side. Some examples are illustrative. A given
input channel (INPUT7 roughly in the middle for this example)
can be programmed to drive OUTPUT4 (exactly in the middle).
The inputs to INPUT7 are just terminated to ground (via 50 Ω
or 75 Ω) and no signal is applied.
All the other inputs are driven in parallel with the same test
signal (practically provided by a distribution amplifier), with all
other outputs except OUTPUT4 disabled. Since grounded
INPUT7 is programmed to drive OUTPUT4, no signal should
be present. Any signal that is present can be attributed to the
other 15 hostile input signals, because no other outputs are
driven (they are all disabled). Thus, this method measures the
all-hostile input contribution to crosstalk into INPUT7. Of
course, the method can be used for other input channels and
combinations of hostile inputs.
For output crosstalk measurement, a single input channel is
driven (INPUT0, for example) and all outputs other than a
given output (OUTPUT4 in the middle) are programmed to
connect to INPUT0. OUTPUT4 is programmed to connect to
INPUT15 (far away from INPUT0), which is terminated to
ground. Thus, OUTPUT4 should not have a signal present
since it is listening to a quiet input. Any signal measured at the
OUTPUT4 can be attributed to the output crosstalk of the other
eight hostile outputs. Again, this method can be modified to
measure other channels and other crosspoint matrix combinations.
Effect of Impedances on Crosstalk
The input side crosstalk can be influenced by the output
impedance of the sources that drive the inputs. The lower the
impedance of the drive source, the lower the magnitude of the
crosstalk. The dominant crosstalk mechanism on the input side
is capacitive coupling. The high impedance inputs do not have
significant current flow to create magnetically induced
crosstalk. However, significant current can flow through the
input termination resistors and the loops that drive them. Thus,
the PC board on the input side can contribute to magnetically
coupled crosstalk.
From a circuit standpoint, the input crosstalk mechanism looks
like a capacitor coupling to a resistive load. For low frequencies,
the magnitude of the crosstalk is given by
[
]s
C
R
XT
M
S
×
=
)
(
log
20
10
(9)
where:
RS is the source resistance.
CM is the mutual capacitance between the test signal circuit and
the selected circuit.
s is the Laplace transform variable.
From Equation 9, it can be observed that this crosstalk
mechanism has a high-pass nature; it can also be minimized by
reducing the coupling capacitance of the input circuits and
lowering the output impedance of the drivers. If the input is
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