
TMC22x5y
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
40
P
phase relationship to the chroma on 1H. Therefore normally 
0H and 2H are added together to produce the average luma 
across 3 lines and this is then subtracted from 1H to produce 
the combed chroma.
Figure 7. Chrominance Vector Rotation in PAL and NTSC
YC Line-Based Comb Filters
The luminance and chrominance signals, are by definition, 
already separated for YC inputs. However, if the original 
source was composite, there is a distinct possibility that there 
is some residual luminance (cross color) in the chrominance 
signal and some residual chrominance (cross luma) in the 
luminance signal. It is therefore legitimate to treat these 
signals as if they were simply the output from bandsplit 
filters and process the luma and chroma signals accordingly. 
D1 Line-Based Comb Filters
A D1 data stream consists of multiplexed Y, C
b 
and C
R
component data. If the original source was composite there 
maybe luminance (cross color) in C
B
C
R
 and chrominance 
(cross luma) in Y. In the first case any luminance that was 
passed through a demodulator along with the chroma to 
produce the baseband C
B
C
R
 color difference signals would 
have the same characteristics as chroma. That is to say, the 
cross color would advance by 180
°
 every line in NTSC and 
every 2 lines in PAL. It is therefore possible to remove this 
cross color in a comb filter. In the latter case any chromi-
nance that is still in the Y data can obviously be removed in a 
comb filter as well.
The original source for the D1 signal could also have been 
computer graphics. In this case, the comb filter can be used 
to remove the picture flicker and convert the output to RGB.
NTSC Frame and Field Based 
Decoders
Composite Frame-Based Comb Filters
In NTSC the chrominance vectors advance by 180 degrees 
every line, therefore after 525 lines the 2 adjacent frame lines 
0H and FR0H and the two consecutive field lines FR0H and 
FR1H are 180 degrees apart. The flat color on FR0H and 
FR1H can be added or subtracted to provide the luminance 
or chrominance to subtract from 0H.
Figure 8. Chrominance Vector Rotation Over 4 
Fields in NTSC
Composite Field-Based Comb Filters
In NTSC field based comb decoders, there is an external 
delay of 263 lines, therefore the 2 adjacent picture lines 0H 
and F0H and the two consecutive field lines F0H and F1H 
are 180 degrees apart. The flat color on F0H and F1H can be 
added or subtracted to provide the luminance or chromi-
nance to subtract from 0H.
PAL Frame- and Field-Based 
Decoders
Composite PAL Frame-Based Comb Filters
In PAL the chrominance vectors advance by 270 degrees 
every line. After 625 lines the two adjacent frame lines 0H 
and FR0h are 90 degrees apart. It is therefore necessary to 
delay the FR0H data by an addition line so that 0H and 
FR0H are 180 degrees apart. The flat color on 0H and FR0H 
can now be added to provide the luminance or subtracted to 
produce chrominance. 
PAL
NTSC
LINE no
V
U
V
U
Q
Q
Q
Q
I
I
I
V
U
V
U
V
U
N+1
N
N+2
N+3
N+4
M
M+1
M+2
M+3
2H
1H
0H
65-22x5y-48
FIELD
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
LINE no
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
22
21
23
24
283
284
285
286
FIELD 1
FIELD 2
FIELD 3
FIELD 4
(1H)
(0H)
(F1H)
(F0H)
(FR1H)
(FR0H)
65-22x5y-49