參數(shù)資料
型號: PIC16C56A-20I/JW
元件分類: 微控制器/微處理器
英文描述: 8-BIT, UVPROM, 20 MHz, RISC MICROCONTROLLER, CDIP18
封裝: 0.300 INCH, WINDOWED, CERDIP-18
文件頁數(shù): 81/158頁
文件大?。?/td> 1194K
代理商: PIC16C56A-20I/JW
2000 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS30453C-page 29
PIC16C5X
6.1
Using Timer0 with an External Clock
When an external clock input is used for Timer0, it must
meet certain requirements. The external clock require-
ment is due to internal phase clock (TOSC) synchroniza-
tion. Also, there is a delay in the actual incrementing of
Timer0 after synchronization.
6.1.1
EXTERNAL CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION
When no prescaler is used, the external clock input is
the same as the prescaler output. The synchronization
of T0CKI with the internal phase clocks is accom-
plished by sampling the prescaler output on the Q2 and
Q4 cycles of the internal phase clocks (Figure 6-5).
Therefore, it is necessary for T0CKI to be high for at
least 2TOSC (and a small RC delay of 20 ns) and low for
at least 2TOSC (and a small RC delay of 20 ns). Refer to
the electrical specification of the desired device.
When a prescaler is used, the external clock input is
divided by the asynchronous ripple counter-type pres-
caler so that the prescaler output is symmetrical. For
the external clock to meet the sampling requirement,
the ripple counter must be taken into account. There-
fore, it is necessary for T0CKI to have a period of at
least 4TOSC (and a small RC delay of 40 ns) divided by
the prescaler value. The only requirement on T0CKI
high and low time is that they do not violate the mini-
mum pulse width requirement of 10 ns. Refer to param-
eters 40, 41 and 42 in the electrical specification of the
desired device.
6.1.2
TIMER0 INCREMENT DELAY
Since the prescaler output is synchronized with the
internal clocks, there is a small delay from the time the
external clock edge occurs to the time the Timer0 mod-
ule is actually incremented. Figure 6-5 shows the delay
from the external clock edge to the timer incrementing.
FIGURE 6-5:
TIMER0 TIMING WITH EXTERNAL CLOCK
Increment Timer0 (Q4)
External Clock Input or
Q1
Q2
Q3 Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3 Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3 Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3 Q4
Timer0
T0
T0 + 1
T0 + 2
Small pulse
misses sampling
External Clock/Prescaler
Output After Sampling
(3)
Prescaler Output (2)
(1)
Note 1: Delay from clock input change to Timer0 increment is 3Tosc to 7Tosc. (Duration of Q = Tosc). Therefore,
the error in measuring the interval between two edges on Timer0 input =
± 4Tosc max.
2: External clock if no prescaler selected, prescaler output otherwise.
3: The arrows indicate the points in time where sampling occurs.
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