• 參數(shù)資料
    型號(hào): P87LPC769HD512
    廠商: NXP Semiconductors N.V.
    元件分類: 8位微控制器
    英文描述: IC-SM-8-BIT MCU
    中文描述: 集成電路釤8位微控制器
    文件頁(yè)數(shù): 46/61頁(yè)
    文件大小: 306K
    代理商: P87LPC769HD512
    Philips Semiconductors
    Preliminary specification
    87LPC769
    Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin)
    microcontroller with 4 kB OTP 8-bit A/D, and DAC
    2001 Jan 11
    43
    More About UART Modes 2 and 3
    Eleven bits are transmitted (through TxD), or received (through
    RxD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th data
    bit, and a stop bit (1). On transmit, the 9th data bit (TB8) can be
    assigned the value of 0 or 1. On receive, the 9the data bit goes into
    RB8 in SCON. The baud rate is programmable to either 1/16 or 1/32
    of the CPU clock frequency in Mode 2. Mode 3 may have a variable
    baud rate generated from Timer 1.
    Figures 34 and 35 show a functional diagram of the serial port in
    Modes 2 and 3. The receive portion is exactly the same as in Mode 1.
    The transmit portion differs from Mode 1 only in the 9th bit of the
    transmit shift register.
    Transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a
    destination register. The “write to SBUF” signal also loads TB8 into
    the 9th bit position of the transmit shift register and flags the TX
    Control unit that a transmission is requested. Transmission
    commences at S1P1 of the machine cycle following the next rollover
    in the divide-by-16 counter. (Thus, the bit times are synchronized to
    the divide-by-16 counter, not to the “write to SBUF” signal.)
    The transmission begins with activation of SEND, which puts the
    start bit at TxD. One bit time later, DATA is activated, which enables
    the output bit of the transmit shift register to TxD. The first shift pulse
    occurs one bit time after that. The first shift clocks a 1 (the stop bit)
    into the 9th bit position of the shift register. Thereafter, only zeros
    are clocked in. Thus, as data bits shift out to the right, zeros are
    clocked in from the left. When TB8 is at the output position of the
    shift register, then the stop bit is just to the left of TB8, and all
    positions to the left of that contain zeros. This condition flags the TX
    Control unit to do one last shift and then deactivate SEND and set
    TI. This occurs at the 11th divide-by-16 rollover after “write to SBUF.”
    Reception is initiated by a detected 1-to-0 transition at RxD. For this
    purpose RxD is sampled at a rate of 16 times whatever baud rate
    has been established. When a transition is detected, the
    divide-by-16 counter is immediately reset, and 1FFH is written to the
    input shift register.
    At the 7th, 8th, and 9th counter states of each bit time, the bit
    detector samples the value of R–D. The value accepted is the value
    that was seen in at least 2 of the 3 samples. If the value accepted
    during the first bit time is not 0, the receive circuits are reset and the
    unit goes back to looking for another 1-to-0 transition. If the start bit
    proves valid, it is shifted into the input shift register, and reception of
    the rest of the frame will proceed.
    As data bits come in from the right, 1s shift out to the left. When the
    start bit arrives at the leftmost position in the shift register (which in
    Modes 2 and 3 is a 9-bit register), it flags the RX Control block to do
    one last shift, load SBUF and RB8, and set RI.
    The signal to load SBUF and RB8, and to set RI, will be generated
    if, and only if, the following conditions are met at the time the final
    shift pulse is generated. 1. RI = 0, and 2. Either SM2 = 0, or the
    received 9th data bit = 1.
    If either of these conditions is not met, the received frame is
    irretrievably lost, and RI is not set. If both conditions are met, the
    received 9th data bit goes into RB8, and the first 8 data bits go into
    SBUF. One bit time later, whether the above conditions were met
    or not, the unit goes back to looking for a 1-to-0 transition at the
    RxD input.
    Multiprocessor Communications
    UART modes 2 and 3 have a special provision for multiprocessor
    communications. In these modes, 9 data bits are received or
    transmitted. When data is received, the 9th bit is stored in RB8. The
    UART can be programmed such that when the stop bit is received,
    the serial port interrupt will be activated only if RB8 = 1. This feature
    is enabled by setting bit SM2 in SCON. One way to use this feature
    in multiprocessor systems is as follows:
    When the master processor wants to transmit a block of data to one
    of several slaves, it first sends out an address byte which identifies
    the target slave. An address byte differs from a data byte in that the
    9th bit is 1 in an address byte and 0 in a data byte. With SM2 = 1, no
    slave will be interrupted by a data byte. An address byte, however,
    will interrupt all slaves, so that each slave can examine the received
    byte and see if it is being addressed. The addressed slave will clear
    its SM2 bit and prepare to receive the data bytes that follow. The
    slaves that weren’t being addressed leave their SM2 bits set and go
    on about their business, ignoring the subsequent data bytes.
    SM2 has no effect in Mode 0, and in Mode 1 can be used to check
    the validity of the stop bit, although this is better done with the
    Framing Error flag. In a Mode 1 reception, if SM2 = 1, the receive
    interrupt will not be activated unless a valid stop bit is received.
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