HMS77C1000A/HMS77C1001A
Oct. 2001 Ver. 2.0
31
13. OSCILLATOR CIRCUITS
HMS77C100XA supports four user-selectable oscillator
modes. The oscillator modes are selected by programming
the appropriate values into the configuration word.
- XT : Crystal/Resonator
- HF : High Speed Crystal/Resonator
- LF : Low Speed and Low Power Crystal
- RC : External Resistor/Capacitor
13.1 XT, HF or LF Mode
In XT, LF or HF modes, a crystal or ceramic resonator is
connected to the X
IN
and X
OUT
pins to establish oscillation
(Figure 13-1). The HMS77C100XA oscillator design re-
quires the use of a parallel cut crystal. Use of a series cut
crystal may give a frequency out of the crystal manufactur-
ers specifications. Bits 0 and 1 of the configuration register
(FOSC1:FOSC2) are used to configure the different exter-
nal resonator/crystal oscillator modes. These bits allow the
selection of the appropriate gain setting for the internal
driver to match the desired operating frequency. When in
XT, LF or HF modes, the device can have an external clock
source drive the X
IN
pin (Figure 13-2). In this case, the
X
OUT
pin should be left open.
Note:
These values are for design guidance only. Since
each resonator has its own characteristics, the user
should consult the resonator manufacturer for ap-
propriate values of external components.
Note:
These values are for design guidance only. Since
each crystal has its own characteristics, the user
should consult the crystal manufacturer for appropri-
ate values of external components.
If you change from this device to another device,
please verify oscillator characteristics in your
application.
13.2 RC Oscillation Mode
The external RC oscillator mode provides a cost-effective
approach for applications that do not require a precise op-
erating frequency. In this mode, the RC oscillator frequen-
FIGURE 13-1 CRYSTAL OR CERAMIC RESONATOR
(HF, XT OR LF OSC CONFIGURATION)
FIGURE 13-2 EXTERNAL CLOCK INPUT OPERATION
(HF, XT OR LF OSC CONFIGURATION)
X
OUT
X
IN
To internal
logic
RF
(2)
SLEEP
XTAL
C2
(1)
C1
(1)
Note 1: See Capacitor Selection tables for recommended
values of C1 and C2.
2: RF varies with the crystal chosen
(approx. value = 9 M
).
X
OUT
X
IN
OPEN
HMS77C100XA
Clock from
ext. system
Osc
Type
Resonator
Freq
Cap.Range
C1
Cap. Range
C2
XT
455 kHz
2.0 MHz
4.0 MHz
22-100 pF
15-68 pF
15-68 pF
22-100 pF
15-68 pF
15-68 pF
HF
4.0 MHz
8.0 MHz
16.0 MHz
15-68 pF
10-68 pF
10-22 pF
15-68 pF
10-68 pF
10-22 pF
TABLE 13-1 CAPACITOR SELECTION FOR CERAMIC
RESONATORS
Osc
Type
Crystal
Freq
Cap.Range
C1
Cap. Range
C2
LF
32 kHz
1
100 kHz
200 kHZ
1.
For V
DD
> 4.5V, C1 = C2
≈
30 pF is recommended.
15 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15 pF
30-47 pF
15-82 pF
XT
100 kHz
200 kHz
455 kHz
1 MHz
2 MHz
4 MHz
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-47 pF
200-300 pF
100-200 pF
15-100 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-47 pF
HF
4 MHz
8 MHz
20 MHz
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
15-30 pF
TABLE 13-2 CAPACITOR SELECTION FOR CRYSTAL