參數(shù)資料
型號(hào): CR16HCT5
文件頁(yè)數(shù): 13/157頁(yè)
文件大?。?/td> 1256K
代理商: CR16HCT5
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13
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6.0
Input/Output Ports
Each device has up to 56 software-configurable I/O pins, or-
ganized into seven ports of up to eight pins per port. The
ports are named Port B, Port C, Port F, Port G, Port H, Port I,
and Port L.
Each pin can be configured to operate as a general-purpose
input or general-purpose output. In addition, many I/O pins
can be configured to operate as a designated input or output
for an on-chip peripheral module such as the USART or the
Multi-Input Wakeup. This is called the pin's “alternate func-
tion.” The alternate functions of all I/O pins are shown in the
pinout diagrams in Table 1.
The I/O pin characteristics are fully programmable. Each pin
can be configured to operate as a TRI-STATE output, push-
pull output, weak pull-up input, or high-impedance input. Dif-
ferent pins within the same port can be individually config-
ured to operate in different modes.
Figure 1 is a diagram showing the functional features of an I/
O port pin. The register bits, multiplexers, and buffers allow
the port pin to be configured into the various operating
modes.The output buffer is a TRI-STATE buffer with weak
pull-up capability. The weak pull-up, if used, prevents the port
pin from going to an undefined state when it operates as an
input.
The input buffer is disabled when it is not needed to prevent
leakage current caused by an input signal’s level between
V
cc
-0.2 and V
ss
+0.2 [Volts]. When enabled, it buffers the in-
put signal and sends the pin's logic level to the appropriate
on-chip module where it is latched. A Schmitt-Trigger mini-
mizes the effects of electrical noise.
The electrical characteristics and drive capabilities of the in-
put and output buffers are described in Section 25.0.
For some pins, a direct low-impedance path is provided be-
tween the pin and an internal analog function. These are the
input pins to the A/D converter and the analog comparators.
6.1
Each port has an associated set of memory-mapped regis-
ters used for controlling the port and for holding the port data.
In general, there are five such registers:
— PxALT: Port alternate function register
— PxDIR: Port direction register
— PxDIN: Port data input register
— PxDOUT: Port data output register
— PxWKPU: Port weak pull-up register
In the descriptions of the ports and port registers, the lower-
case letter “x” represents the port designation, either B, C, F,
G, H, I, or L. For example, “PxDIR register” means any one
of the port direction registers: PBDIR, PCDIR, PFDIR, and so
on.
All of the port registers are byte-wide read/write registers, ex-
cept for the port data input registers, which are read-only reg-
isters. Each register bit controls the function of the
corresponding port pin. For example, PFDIR.2 (bit 2 of the
PFDIR register) controls the operation of port pin PF2.
PORT REGISTERS
Figure 1.
I/O Pin Functional Diagram
PIN
Direction
Data Out
Register
{
Direction
Register
{
Weak pull-up
Register
{
Alternate Data Input
M
M
Weak pull-up
Data Out
Alt Device Data Output
Alt
Alt
Alt Device Direction
Data In Read Strobe
Alt
Data Input
M
Alt
1
Alternate Function
enable
*
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