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RC6100
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
4
The timing performance of the phase lock is controlled by an
external RC filter, the CSYNC signal, and internally-
generated horizontal sync signals. When the PLL is not
locked, CSYNC is selected as the reference input to the
phase detector. CSYNC is derived directly from the compos-
ite video input, which contains the required horizontal edge
information, and is not dependent upon the loop being
locked. When the loop is locked, an internally generated
horizontal sync signal from the timing generator is used for
this reference input. CSYNC is only used as the loop refer-
ence input in the unlocked condition, because it contains
serration pulses that would contribute undesirable jitter to
the VCO output.
The lock-detect output signal (HLOCK) indicates when the
phase reference and VCO inputs of the phase detector are
locked. The response time of the lock detector is controlled
by an external capacitor (C3) and, when lock is established,
the HLOCK output goes low and the MUX makes the appro-
priate reference signal choice. The value of C3 was chosen to
provide a lock-indication response time that is approxi-
mately 15 horizontal lines in duration, and an unlock-indica-
tion response time of approximately three horizontal lines in
duration. Increasing the value of C3 would result in increas-
ing both the lock and unlock response times.
The PLL consists of the phase detector, charge pump, loop
filter, VCO, and divide-by-N counter. The phase detector is
essentially a control loop summing junction. The charge
pump, loop filter, and VCO are in the forward path, and the
divide-by-N counter forms the feedback path. Stabilizing
this control system consists of choosing the proper compo-
nent values for the loop filter, such that sufficient phase mar-
gin exists at the unity-gain crossover frequency. The filter is
a lag-lead network formed by the charge pump, C1, R1, and
C2. Increasing the value of C1 moves the pole of the lag net-
work (low pass) closer to the origin (lower frequency). This
will reduce the loop bandwidth, which generally tends to
reduce VCO jitter, but at a cost of settling (response) time
and (in the extreme) stability. Table 2 shows values for R1,
C1, and C2 for all input setings.
Increasing the value of either R1 or C2 moves the zero of the
lead network (high pass) lower in frequency, which tends to
increase loop gain at higher frequencies and can also result
in poorer noise performance. The location of the zero is gen-
erally determined empirically to adjust the loop transfer
function for adequate phase margin for a given desired band-
width. The RC6100 loop settling time is approximately
400
m
s, and lock detection requires about one millisecond.
Figure 4. HRESET Output Timing
65-6100-05
FHOUT
CLKOUT
WINDOW
HRESET
CLKOUT
t1
t2
FHOUT
HRESET
4ns < t1 < 11ns t2
4ns
Table 1. Clock Frequency Selection
Selection Codes
NTSC/ PAL
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
Frequencies (MHz) and Divisors (N)
Clock Out
NTSC (CCIR601)
NTSC (VGA)
NTSC (4fSC/Studio)
NTSC (Sq. Pixel)
PAL (CCIR601)
PAL (4fSC/Studio)
PAL
PAL (Sq. Pixel)
S1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
S0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
System
Clock/2 Out
13.5
12.588
7.159
6.137
13.5
8.867
7.5
7.375
Divide by N
858
800
455
390
864
567.5
480
472
27.0
25.175
14.318
12.273
27.0
17.734
15.0
14.75