LTC2208-14
20
220814f
Figure 4a shows transformer coupling using a transmis-
sion line balun transformer. This type of transformer has
much better high frequency response and balance than
flux coupled center tap transformers. Coupling capacitors
are added at the ground and input primary terminals to
allow the secondary terminals to be biased at 1.25V. Figure
4b shows the same circuit with components suitable for
higher input frequencies.
Figure 5. DC Coupled Input with Differential Amplifier
Figure 4a. Using a Transmission Line Balun Transformer.
Recommended for Input Frequencies from 100MHz to 250MHz
Figure 4b. Using a Transmission Line Balun Transformer.
Recommended for Input Frequencies from 250MHz to 500MHz
Reference Operation
Figure 6 shows the LTC2208-14 reference circuitry con-
sisting of a 2.5V bandgap reference, a programmable gain
amplifier and control circuit. The LTC2208-14 has three
modes of reference operation: Internal Reference, 1.25V
external reference or 2.5V external reference. To use the
internal reference, tie the SENSE pin to V
DD
. To use an
external reference, simply apply either a 1.25V or 2.5V
reference voltage to the SENSE input pin. Both 1.25V
and 2.5V applied to SENSE will result in a full scale range
of 2.25V
P-P
(PGA = 0). A 1.25V output, V
CM
is provided
for a common mode bias for input drive circuitry. An
external bypass capacitor is required for the V
CM
output.
This provides a high frequency low impedance path to
ground for internal and external circuitry. This is also the
compensation capacitor for the reference; it will not be
stable without this capacitor. The minimum value required
for stability is 2.2μF.
Figure 6. Reference Circuit
APPLICATIOU
W
U
U
Direct Coupled Circuits
Figure 5 demonstrates the use of a differential amplifier to
convert a single ended input signal into a differential input
signal. The advantage of this method is that it provides
low frequency input response; however, the limited gain
bandwidth of any op amp or closed-loop amplifier will de-
grade the ADC SFDR at high input frequencies. Additionally,
wideband op amps or differential amplifiers tend to have
high noise. As a result, the SNR will be degraded unless
the noise bandwidth is limited prior to the ADC input.
0.1
μ
F
A
IN+
A
IN–
4.7pF
2.2
μ
F
4.7pF
4.7pF
V
CM
LTC2208-14
ANALOG
INPUT
0.1
μ
F
0.1
μ
F
5
10
10
25
25
5
T1
1:1
T1 = MA/COM ETC1-1-13
RESISTORS, CAPACITORS
ARE 0402 PACKAGE SIZE
EXCEPT 2.2
μ
F
220814 F04a
0.1
μ
F
5
25
25
5
A
IN+
A
IN–
2.2
μ
F
2.2pF
2.2pF
V
CM
LTC2208-14
ANALOG
INPUT
0.1
μ
F
0.1
μ
F
T1
1:1
T1 = MA/COM ETC1-1-13
RESISTORS, CAPACITORS
ARE 0402 PACKAGE SIZE
EXCEPT 2.2
μ
F
220814 F04b
–
–
+
+
A
IN+
A
IN–
2.2
μ
F
12pF
12pF
25
25
V
CM
LTC2208-14
ANALOG
INPUT
220814 F05
CM
AMPLIFIER = LTC6600-20,
LT1993, ETC.
HIGH SPEED
DIFFERENTIAL
AMPLIFIER
PGA
1.25V
SENSE
V
CM
BUFFER
INTERNAL
ADC
REFERENCE
RANGE
SELECT
AND GAIN
CONTROL
2.5V
BANDGAP
REFERENCE
2.2
μ
F
TIE TO V
DD
TO USE
INTERNAL 2.5V
REFERENCE
OR INPUT FOR
EXTERNAL 2.5V
REFERENCE
OR INPUT FOR
EXTERNAL 1.25V
REFERENCE
220814 F06