
14
During a HIP7010 reset caused by a POR, a Slow
Clock Detect, or a low on the RESET line, the
Clock Divider is inhibited and a fixed divide-by six-
teen clock divider is activated. This is greater than
any selectable divide-by and guarantees proper
operation of the SERIAL interface for all valid oper-
ating frequencies (although the transfer rate will be
below 1MHz). The CLK divide-by remains at six-
teen and operation of the HIP7010 is suspended
until the Host performs a Status/Control Register
transfer to set the proper divide value. The State
Machine and SENDEC are held in a reset state
(passive) until the first Status/Control Register
transfer has been completed. This ensures proper
setting of the divide selects prior to generation or
receipt of any symbols.
Once DS2-DS0 have been set following a reset,
they must not be altered. Each Status/Control Reg-
ister transfer must properly reassert the same
DS2-DS0 values to maintain proper clocking.
Selecting a DS2-DS0 combination which is too low
for the given CLK frequency can result in loss of
SERIAL communications, due to excessive clock-
ing rates. In such instances the only recovery
mechanism is to force a HIP7010 reset by pulling
the RESET input low, interrupting the CLK input, or
performing a power-on reset. A well behaved Host
will avoid changes to DS2-DS0. System fault toler-
ance can be maximized by using the lowest possible
frequency at the CLK input.
Power-down does
not
reset DS2-DS0, allowing
rapid “wake-up” from the Power-down state.
Symbol Encoder/Decoder (SENDEC)
Operation
The Symbol Encoder/Decoder (SENDEC) hardware inte-
grated in the HIP7010 handles generation and reception of
J1850 messages on a symbol by symbol basis. Symbols are
output from the SENDEC, as a digital signal, on the VPWOUT
pin and input, as a digital signal, on the VPWIN pin. These
two lines must be connected through a bus transceiver (such
as the Intersil J1850 Bus Transceiver HIP7020) to the single
wire J1850 bus. The transceiver is responsible for generating
and receiving waveforms consistent with the physical layer
specifications of J1850. In addition, the transceiver is respon-
sible for providing isolation from bus transients.
Every symbol sent out on the VPWOUT is, in effect, inverted
and reflectedback on the VPWIN pin after some finite delay
through the transceiver. In actuality, only active symbols are
guaranteed to be reflected unchanged. If the transmitted
symbol is passive and another node is simultaneously send-
ing an active symbol, the active symbol will dominate and
pull the bus to a high level. The SENDEC circuitry includes a
3-bit digital filter which effectively filters out noise pulses less
than
7
μ
s
in duration.
The STATE logic transfers data bits between the SERIAL
system and the SENDEC, and handles addition of required
frame elements such as the SOF symbol and the CRC byte.
When transmitting bytes, bits are taken from the SERIAL
shift register and translated into the required symbols, bit by
bit.
Timing of each symbol is calculated from the last
transition on the VPWIN line
which keeps all nodes on the
J1850 bus “in synch” during arbitration periods.
Decoding of received symbols is automatically performed by
the SENDEC. The decoded symbol is translated to a 0 or 1
value and transferred by the STATE logic into the SERIAL shift
register. As each symbol is decoded, it is shifted into the
SERIAL shift register and, if transmitting, the next bit to transmit
on the J1850 bus is shifted out. Once an entire byte has been
loaded into the SERIAL shift register the STATE logic automati-
cally generates an unsolicited transfer of the byte to the Host.
Whenever the SENDEC is transmitting, it is simultaneously
monitoring the “reflected” symbol on the VPWIN line. At
each transition the reflected symbol is read and compared to
the sent one. If the reflected symbol doesn’t match the sym-
bol sent, a collision has occurred and the HIP7010 automati-
cally disables transmissions until the next Idle/IFR period. If
there was no collision, the HIP7010 continues transmitting
until the entire byte has been sent. Once the byte has been
sent, a full byte will also have been reflected and received by
the HIP7010. As discussed above, the HIP7010 initiates a
transfer of the received byte to the Host, which allows the
Host the opportunity to compare the sent and reflected
bytes, and to transfer the next byte of the message.
In addition to features already discussed, the SENDEC
includes, noise detection, Idle bus detection, a wake-up facil-
ity, “no echo” detection, and a high speed receive mode. Sym-
bol timing is based on the main CLK input. The programmable
prescaler, controlled by the DS0-DS2 bits in the Control Reg-
ister, allows proper SENDEC operation with a variety of CLK
input frequencies (see
DS2-DS0
under
Status/Control Reg-
ister
for prescaler details). The high speed mode is a J1850
extension which allows production and/or maintenance equip-
ment to transmit messages at 4X the normal 10.4Kbps rate
(see
4X
under
Status/Control Register
for prescaler details).
Software algorithms can be implemented in the Host to pro-
vide message buffering and filtering and other needed fea-
TABLE 3. DS2-DS0 CLOCK DIVIDER SELECTIONS
DS2
DS1
DS0
CLK INPUT
FREQ. (MHZ)
INTERNAL
HIP7010 CLK
DIVIDE-BY
0
0
0
24 (Note 1)
12
0
0
1
12
6
0
1
0
20 (Note 1)
10
0
1
1
10
5
1
0
0
16 (Note 1)
8
1
0
1
8
4
1
1
0
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
NOTE:
1. Invalid operating frequency.
HIP7010