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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
RC6516
2
P
Functional Description
The block diagram of the RC6516 consists of three general
sections:
1.
IF amplifiers with gain control
2.
Synchronous demodulator
3.
Frequency phase lock loop (FPLL) and auxiliary circuits
The IF Section
There are two IF amplifiers capacitatively coupled to each
other and the subsequent stages. The first amplifier has a
maximum gain of 24dB and an AGC range of more than
14dB. The second amplifier has a maximum gain of 16dB
and gain reduction capability of 30dB. To minimize the
Noise Figure degradation with gain reduction the second
stage fully gain reduces before the first stage gain reduces.
The transition point is set by the voltage on the DLYADJ pin.
The voltage on CAGC pin directly determines the gain of the
two IF stages. When the voltage on CAGC is lower the IF
gain is lower. When the CGAC voltage is higher than the
DLYADJ the gain reduction is primarily in the second stage.
When the CAGC voltage is lower than DLYADJ, only the
first stage gain is reduced at a much slower rate. The tuner
AGC control voltage TAGC also changes this range to gain
reduce the external tuner. This avoids the amplifiers from
being overdriven into distortion. During AFC defeat mode
these IF amplifiers are disabled with more than 50dB of sig-
nal isolation.
Gain Control
The gain control signal is developed on the capacitor at the
CAGC pin, by charge pump and AGC control circuits. TTL/
CMOS signals on the G
UP
, G
DN
pins build the voltage
through the charge pump current at CAGC pin. Continuous
pulses on GUP pin increases the CAGC voltage and pulses
on the GDN pin reduces the CAGC voltage. Table 1 shows
the truth table for gain control.
Synchronous Demodulator
This section consists of In-phase (I) and Quadrature (Q)
multipliers/mixers.
During normal operation the incoming signal processed by
the two IF stages is capacitatively coupled to the linear (RF)
port of both the mixers. The signals for the LO port of the I
& Q mixers come from the FPLL section. The switching sig-
nals are in quadrature and phase locked to a small pilot
present in the IF signal. The signal levels for this multiplying
port use limiting amplitudes. The I channel output is then fil-
tered to reject the high frequency components while not dis-
torting the video band signals. The filtered output is also
amplified to cover the full range of A/D converter that fol-
lows. The Q channel signal is used by the FPLL section
described below.
The FPLL Section
The FPLL consists of a VCO working at 4 times the pilot fre-
quency. The frequency is set by external LC components and
also controlled with a varactor. This VCO signal is passed
through a divide by 4 prescaler to provide two signals in
quadrature at the frequency of the pilot. These signals are
used by the I & Q multipliers. The VCO is frequency and
phase locked to the 4x pilot frequency which is typically
46.69MHz. The VCO thus operates at 186.7MHz in a typical
16 VSB decoder. Frequency acquisition is possible by means
of the third multiplier on chip and AFC filter off-chip. The
PLL circuit is formed by the Q channel mixer, third
multiplier-charge pump, external PLL filter and the VCO.
Due to component variations, the VCO frequency may not be
within the pull in range of the FPLL. The AFCSW signal is
used for activating this start up calibration. An auxiliary
crystal oscillator signal at the pilot frequency of 46.6MHz is
injected into the input port of the mixers, to pull the VCO to
the desired frequency during the start up mode. During this
mode the XTAL oscillator and the I-channel charge pump
are activated and the IF gain stages are disabled. There is
also the shutdown mode during which the VCO, the crystal
oscillator and the tuner control are disabled. These various
states are determined as shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Truth Table for Digital Circuitry
V
CC3
= 5V, V
CC1,2
= 12V, T
A
= 0 to 70
°
C unless
otherwise specified
AGC Control
G
UP
LO
G
DN
LO
Description
No Gain Change (over
symbol period)
Increase Gain
Decrease Gain
Disallowed
HI
LO
HI
LO
HI
HI
AFC Control
AFC_SWT
LO
X
SHTDWN
LO
HI
Description
Crystal is OFF, VCO is ON
Crystal is OFF, VCO is
OFF, Tuner AGC is Hi-Z
Crystal is ON, VCO is on,
I-channel Charge Pump is
ON for acquisition
HI
LO