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Open Load/Short-to-Ground While Off Sensing
If the drain voltage falls below the Open Load OFF Detection
Voltage at turn OFF for a period of time exceeding the Open
Load Sense Time, the fault status bit for this output switches to
a logic [1].
If a drain voltage falls below the Open Load OFF Detection
Voltage threshold when the output has been OFF, a fault is
indicated with a delay much less than the Open Load Sense
Time. When the fault is removed, normal operation resumes
and the fault status bit will return to a normal logic [0] state.
When the
CS
terminal of this device is pulled low, the fault
status bits are latched, after which any new fault information is
not part of this serial communication event.
Overvoltage Sensing and Protection
When V
PWR
exceeds the Overvoltage Shutdown Threshold,
all channels are shut down. Serial input data and parallel inputs
are ignored. The device resumes normal operation when the
V
PWR
voltage drops below the Overvoltage Shutdown
Hysteresis voltage. During overvoltage shutdown, some faults
may appear to report accurately; however, fault sensing
operation is only guaranteed for battery voltage levels from
9.0 V to 17 V.
Fault Status Monitoring Requirements for Serially
Controlled Outputs, SO Terminal
Fault monitoring over the serial channel by the IC requires a
minimal amount of overhead for normal operation. Each status
byte received consists of all logic [0]s when faults are not
present. If any logic [1]s are returned, a communication error
occurred, an output fault occurred, or the
MODE
terminal has
been set low. Upon receiving any logic [1] bits, the IC must
resend the last command, verifying the returned logic [1]s, or
correct any communication error.
A 16-bit SPI transmission with a double command byte to
this 8-bit device allows verification of the command (second
byte returned) in addition to the fault byte (first byte returned).
The command (second) byte returned should mirror the bits
sent unless a communication error occurred, in which case the
command resent should accomplish the correction.
If the returned logic [1] validates, it may indicate a
MODE
terminal high or a confirmed output fault. If it was a confirmed
output fault, extensive diagnostics could be performed,
determining the fault type, especially if vehicle service is being
performed. If all bits return high and verify such, the IC must
verify sending a logic low to the
MODE
terminal. It should then
resend the command, verifying the
MODE
terminal is at a logic
low level, allowing resumption of a normal operation. If all
logic [1]s are again returned, there is an open SO line, an open
MODE
line, or the SPI is not functioning.
If the fault does not verify on the command resend, normal
operation is resumed. The error could be a communication
mistake, a momentary output fault, or a fault condition no longer
sensed due to switching the state of the output. For the first two
cases, normal operation is resumed and the software continues
its normal functions. However, in the third case, additional
commands are required for extensive diagnosis of the fault type
if this information is mandatory.
Extensive Fault Diagnostics
More extensive diagnosis may be required under the
following conditions:
When the fault type of a confirmed fault is desired, the
following scenarios are possible:
– If MSB-2 to MSB-7 indicates a fault, it is an open load/
short-to-ground fault if the output is OFF when the
fault is reported because only open load/short-to-
ground sensing remains operable while an output is
OFF.
– If the output is ON when the fault is reported, the fault
is a short circuit/short-to-battery if ON open load
detection is not enabled via SPI. If ON open load
detection is enabled, it must be disabled and the fault
status reread. If the fault remains, it is a short circuit/
short-to-battery or it is an open load/short-to-ground.
– If MSB-0 to MSB-2 indicates a fault, it is an open load/
short-to-ground fault if the output is OFF when the
fault is reported because only open load/short-to-
ground sensing remains operable while an output is
OFF.
– If the output is ON when the fault is reported, the fault
is a short circuit/short-to-battery.
When a fault did not confirm on resend, the fault could
either be an short circuit/short-to-battery fault, not sensed
when turned OFF; an open load/short-to-ground fault, not
sensed when turned ON; or a corrected communication
error.
To determine if it is an output fault condition, the faulted
output must be turned back to its previous state with a
new command. This command should be sent twice to
read the status after the output is latched in this state,
thus confirming the fault and reporting it again.
Parallel control of outputs is a mode of control, potentially
requiring extensive diagnostics if a fault is reported. This is
because parallel control signals are completely asynchronous
to the serial commands. Status reports for parallel controlled
outputs could require additional information exchange in
software to:
Avoid status reads when outputs are transitioned, thereby
avoiding fault masking times.
Obtain the state of a faulted output for determining fault
type (if required).
F
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
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