
TPA2100P1 CAPACITOR EQUATIONS
(
)
CC
DD
boost
CC
I
V
C = 2
V
f
V
-
D
(12)
(
)
CC
DD
boost
CC
I
V
C =
V
f
V
-
D
(13)
Decoupling Capacitors
Input Capacitors, CI
C
I
1
=
(2
R
C )
f
p
(14)
SLOS595 – DECEMBER 2008 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com
The preceding rules and recommendations apply to capacitors used in connection with the TPA2100P1. The
TPA2100P1 cannot meet its performance specifications if the rules and recommendations are not followed.
The value of the boost capacitor is determined by the minimum value of working capacitance required for stability
and the maximum voltage ripple allowed on VCC in the application. The minimum value of working capacitance is
10
F. Do not use any component with a working capacitance less than 10 F.
For X5R or X7R ceramic capacitors,
Equation 12 shows the relationship between the boost capacitance, C, to
load current, load voltage, ripple voltage, input voltage, and switching frequency (ICC, VCC, ΔV, VDD, fBOOST
respectively).
Insert the maximum allowed ripple voltage into
Equation 12 to solve for C. A factor of 2 is included to implement
the rules and specifications listed earlier.
For aluminum or tantalum capacitors,
Equation 13 shows the relationship between he boost capacitance, C, to
load current, load voltage, ripple voltage, input voltage, and switching frequency (ICC, VCC, ΔV, VDD, fBOOST
respectively). Insert the maximum allowed ripple voltage into
Equation 12 to solve for C. Solve this equation
assuming ESR is zero.
Capacitance of aluminum and tantalum capacitors is normally not sensitive to applied voltage so there is no
factor of 2 included in
Equation 4. However, the ESR in aluminum and tantalum capacitors can be significant.
Choosing an aluminum or tantalum capacitor with ESR around 30 m
is acceptable.
The TPA2100P1 is a high-performance Class-D audio amplifier that requires adequate power supply decoupling
to ensure the efficiency is high and total harmonic distortion (THD) is low. In addition to the 10
F capacitor at
VDD, place a 1 F low ESR capactior within 1 mm of the VDD pin to reduce higher frequency transients, spikes, or
digital hash on the line. For the same reasons place a 1
F low ESR capactior within 1 mm of the V
CCOUT pin in
addition to the boost output capacitor.
The TPA2100P1 does not require input coupling capacitors if the design uses a low offset differential source that
is biased within the common mode input voltage range. Note that source offset is amplified if no DC blocking
capacitors are used. If the input signal is not biased within the recommended common-mode input range, if high
pass filtering is needed, or if using a single-ended source, input coupling capacitors are required.
The input capacitors and input resistors form a high-pass filter with the corner frequency, C, determined in
The value of the input capacitor directly affects the bass (low frequency) performance of the circuit. Piezo
speakers cannot usually respond well to low frequencies, so the corner frequency can be set to block low
frequencies and reduce speaker distortion in this application. Not using input capacitors can increase output
offset.
Use
Equation 15 to solve for the input coupling capacitance. If the corner frequency is within the audio band, the
input capacitors should have a tolerance of ±10% or better, because any mismatch in capacitance causes an
impedance mismatch at the corner frequency and below.
14
Copyright 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated