
2004 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21893A-page 15
MCP73861/2
5.0
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
5.1
Analog Circuitry
5.1.1
BATTERY MANAGEMENT INPUT
SUPPLY (V
DD1
, V
DD2
)
The V
DD
input is the input supply to the MCP7386X.
The MCP7386X automatically enters a Power-down
mode if the voltage on the V
DD
input falls below the
undervoltage lockout voltage (V
STOP
). This feature
prevents draining the battery pack when the V
DD
supply is not present.
5.1.2
PROG INPUT
Fast charge current regulation can be scaled by placing
a programming resistor (R
PROG
) from the PROG input
to V
SS
. Connecting the PROG input to V
SS
allows for a
maximum fast charge current of 1.2A, typically. The
minimum fast charge current is 100 mA, set by letting
the PROG input float. The following formula calculates
the value for R
PROG
:
The preconditioning trickle-charge current and the
charge termination current are scaled to approximately
10% and 8% of I
REG
, respectively.
5.1.3
CELL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
BIAS (THREF)
A 2.5V voltage reference is provided to bias an external
thermistor for continuous cell temperature monitoring
and pre-qualification. A ratio metric window compari-
son is performed at threshold levels of V
THREF
/2 and
V
THREF
/4.
5.1.4
CELL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
INPUT (THERM)
The MCP73861 and MCP73862 continuously monitor
temperature by comparing the voltage between the
THERM input and V
SS
with the upper and lower
temperature thresholds. A negative or positive temper-
ature coefficient, NTC or PTC, thermistor and an exter-
nal voltage-divider typically develop this voltage. The
temperature sensing circuit has its own reference to
which it performs a ratio metric comparison. Therefore,
it is immune to fluctuations in the supply input (V
DD
).
The temperature-sensing circuit is removed from the
system when V
DD
is not applied, eliminating additional
discharge of the battery pack.
Figure 6-1 depicts a typical application circuit with
connection of the THERM input. The resistor values of
R
T1
and R
T2
are calculated with the following
equations.
For NTC thermistors:
×
R
COLD
2
R
×
R
COLD
For PTC thermistors:
Applying a voltage equal to V
THREF
/3 to the THERM
input disables temperature monitoring.
5.1.5
The TIMER input programs the period of the safety
timers by placing a timing capacitor (C
TIMER
), between
the TIMER input pin and V
SS
. Three safety timers are
programmed via the timing capacitor.
The preconditioning safety timer period:
TIMER SET INPUT (TIMER)
The fast charge safety timer period:
And, the elapsed time termination period:
The preconditioning timer starts after qualification and
resets when the charge cycle transitions to the con-
stant current, fast charge phase. The fast charge timer
and the elapsed timer start after the MCP7386X transi-
tions from preconditioning. The fast charge timer resets
when the charge cycle transitions to the constant volt-
age phase. The elapsed timer will expire and terminate
the charge if the sensed current does not diminish
below the termination threshold.
During thermal regulation, the timer is slowed down
proportional to the charge current.
R
PROG
13.2
12
I
REG
1.2
–
×
------------–
=
where:
I
REG
is the desired fast charge current in
amps
R
PROG
is in k
.
R
T1
----------------------------------------------
R
HOT
R
×
HOT
–
=
R
T2
3
–
----------------------------------------------
=
R
T1
2
----------------------------------------------
R
R
HOT
R
R
HOT
R
COLD
R
×
COLD
–
=
R
T2
----------------------------------------------
3
–
=
Where:
R
COLD
and R
HOT
are the thermistor
resistance values at the temperature window
of interest.
t
PRECON
C
0.1
F
------------------
1.0Hour
×
s
=
t
FAST
C
0.1
μ
F
------------------
1.5Hours
×
=
t
TERM
C
0.1
F
------------------
3.0Hours
×
=