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Rev.2.10
2005.11.14
page 38 of 86
REJ03B0093-0210
3850 Group (Spec.A)
CLOCK GENERATING CIRCUIT
The 3850 group (spec. A) has two built-in oscillation circuits. An
oscillation circuit can be formed by connecting a resonator be-
tween XIN and XOUT (XCIN and XCOUT). Use the circuit constants
in accordance with the resonator manufacturer’s recommended
values. No external resistor is needed between XIN and XOUT
since a feed-back resistor exists on-chip.(An external feed-back
resistor may be needed depending on conditions.) However, an
external feed-back resistor is needed between XCIN and XCOUT.
Immediately after power on, only the XIN oscillation circuit starts
oscillating, and XCIN and XCOUT pins function as I/O ports.
Frequency Control
(1) Middle-speed mode
The internal clock
φ is the frequency of XIN divided by 8. After re-
set is released, this mode is selected.
(2) High-speed mode
The internal clock
φ is half the frequency of XIN.
(3) Low-speed mode
The internal clock
φ is half the frequency of XCIN.
(4) Low power dissipation mode
The low power consumption operation can be realized by stopping
the main clock XIN in low-speed mode. To stop the main clock, set
bit 5 of the CPU mode register to “1”. When the main clock XIN is
restarted (by setting the main clock stop bit to “0”), set sufficient
time for oscillation to stabilize.
The sub-clock XCIN-XCOUT oscillating circuit can not directly input
clocks that are generated externally. Accordingly, make sure to
cause an external resonator to oscillate.
Oscillation Control
(1) Stop mode
If the STP instruction is executed, the internal clock
φ stops at an
“H” level, and XIN and XCIN oscillation stops. When the oscillation
stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit (bit 0 of
address 003816) is “0”, the prescaler 12 is set to “FF16” and timer
1 is set to “0116”. When the oscillation stabilizing time set after
STP instruction released bit is “1”, set the sufficient time for oscil-
lation of used oscillator to stabilize since nothing is set to the
prescaler 12 and timer 1.
After STP instruction is released, the input of the prescaler 12 is
connected to count source which had set at executing the STP in-
struction, and the output of the prescaler 12 is connected to timer 1.
Oscillator restarts when an external interrupt is received, but the in-
ternal clock
φ is not supplied to the CPU (remains at “H”) until timer
1 underflows. The internal clock
φ is supplied for the first time, when
timer 1 underflows. This ensures time for the clock oscillation using
the ceramic resonators to be stabilized. When the oscillator is re-
started by reset, apply “L” level to the RESET pin until the oscillation
is stable since a wait time will not be generated.
Fig. 42 Ceramic resonator circuit
(2) Wait mode
If the WIT instruction is executed, the internal clock
φ stops at an
“H” level, but the oscillator does not stop. The internal clock
φ re-
starts at reset or when an interrupt is received. Since the oscillator
does not stop, normal operation can be started immediately after
the clock is restarted.
To ensure that the interrupts will be received to release the STP or
WIT state, their interrupt enable bits must be set to “1” before ex-
ecuting of the STP or WIT instruction.
When releasing the STP state, the prescaler 12 and timer 1 will
start counting the clock XIN divided by 16. Accordingly, set the timer
1 interrupt enable bit to “0” before executing the STP instruction.
sNote
If you switch the mode between middle/high-speed and low-
speed, stabilize both XIN and XCIN oscillations. The sufficient
time is required for the sub-clock to stabilize, especially immedi-
ately after power on and at returning from the stop mode. When
switching the mode between middle/high-speed and low-speed,
set the frequency on condition that f(XIN) > 3f(XCIN).
When using the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruc-
tion released bit set to “1”, evaluate time to stabilize oscillation
of the used oscillator and set the value to the timer 1 and
prescaler 12.
XCIN
XCOUT
XIN
XOUT
CIN
COUT
CCIN
CCOUT
Rf
Rd
Rd (Note)
Notes : Insert a damping resistor if required.
The resistance will vary depending on the oscillator and
the oscillation drive capacity setting.
Use the value recommended by the maker of the oscillator.
Also, if the oscillator manufacturer's data sheet specifies to
add a feedback resistor externally to the chip though a
feedback resistor exists on-chip, insert a feedback resistor
between XIN and XOUT following the instruction.
XCIN
XCOUT
XIN
XOUT
CCIN
CCOUT
Rf
Rd
Open
External oscillation
circuit
Vcc
Vss
Fig. 43 External clock input circuit