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Notes on Printed Circuit Board Design
This section describes points that require care concerning noise from the point of view of the microcontroller and
presents means of preventing associated problems when designing a printed circuit board to use with these products in a
mass produced end product. The ideas presented in this section are effective design techniques for preventing and
avoiding problems (such as incorrect microcontroller operation and program failures) due to noise.
1. The V
DD
and V
SS
power supply pins
Insert capacitors that meet the following conditions between the V
DD
and V
SS
power supply pins.
The lengths of the lines between the V
DD
and V
SS
pins and the capacitors C1 and C2 should be as close to exactly
equal as possible (L1 = L1’, L2 = L2’). Furthermore, these distances should be as short as possible.
Insert two capacitors, C1 and C2 in parallel, with C1 having a large capacitance and C2 having a small capacitance.
The V
DD
and V
SS
lines in the printed circuit board pattern should be wider than any other lines in the pattern.
2. The OSC1 and OSC2 clock I/O pins
— If the ceramic oscillator option is selected (See figure 2-1.)
Keep the lines between the clock I/O pins (input: OSC1, output:
OSC2) and the external components as short as possible (the
distance Losc in the figure).
Make the length of the lines (Lvss + L1 and Lvss + L2) from
the microcontroller V
SS
pin to the V
SS
side of the capacitors
connected to the oscillator element as short as possible.
V
SS
line for the oscillator circuit and other V
SS
line should
branch from a point nearest to the V
SS
pin.
Due to the capacitances of the wiring on the printed circuit
board, it may be necessary to modify the values of the oscillator
circuit constants (including the values of the capacitors C1 and
C2 and the limiting resistor Rd) from the values presented in
this catalog. We recommend consulting the manufacturer of the
oscillator element with regard to these circuit constants.
— If the 2-pin RC oscillator option is selected (Figure 2-2)
Keep the lines between the clock I/O pins (input: OSC1, output:
OSC2) and the external components (the capacitor Cext and the
resistor Rext) as short as possible (the distance Losc in the figure).
Make the length of the lines (Lvss + Lc) from the
microcontroller V
SS
pin to the V
SS
side of the capacitor
functioning as the oscillator element as short as possible.
Take the V
SS
used by the oscillator circuit (as well as other V
SS
usages) from a point as close as possible to the V
SS
pin.
— If the external oscillator option is selected (Figure 2-3)
Keep the line between the clock input pin (OSC1) and the external
oscillator circuit as short as possible (the distance Losc in the figure).
Leave the clock output pin (OSC2) open.
Make the length (Losc) of the lines to the V
DD
and V
SS
pins
used by the external oscillator as short as possible.
— Other points that apply to all oscillator circuits:
Keep all lines that carry signals that change rapidly, signals that
have large amplitudes due to being connected to the medium-
voltage handling capacity ports, or signals that carry large
currents as far away from the oscillator circuit as possible. Also,
do not allow such signal lines to cross any clock-signal related
lines.
No. 6278-37/39
LC651154N, 651154F, 651154L, 651152N, 651152F, 651152L
Figure 2-2 Sample Oscillator Circuit 2
(2-pin RC oscillator)
Figure 2-1 Sample Oscillator Circuit 1
(Ceramic oscillator)
Figure 2-3 Sample Oscillator Circuit 3
(External oscillator)
External
oscillator