
XR-8038A
7
Rev. 2.01
10K
40K
7
8
Buffer
Buffer
4
SWITCH S
10
5
C
11
11
I
A
R
A
R
B
R
2
R
1
V
CC
V
EE
V
CC
2I
B
Figure 3. Detailed View of Current Sources I
A
and 2I
B
.
WAVEFORM ADJUSTMENT
The symmetry of all waveforms can be adjusted with the
external timing resistors. Two possible ways to
accomplish this are shown in
Figure 4 Figure 5, and
Figure 6. Best results are obtained by keeping the timing
resistors R
A
and R
B
separate (Figure 4.) R
A
controls the
rising portion of the triangle and sine wave and the “l(fā)ow”
state of the square wave.
The magnitude of the triangle waveform is set at 1/3 V
CC
;
therefore, the duration of the rising proportion of the
triangle is:
t
1
C| V|
I
A
C|
2
3
V
CC
-
1
VCC
5RA
3
V
CC
|
5
A
·C
The duration of the falling portion of the triangle and sine
wave and the ”low” state of the square wave is:
t
2
C| V|
2I
B
-I
A
C|
2
3
V
CC
-
1
2VCC
5RB
-
3
V
CC
|
VCC
5RA
5
3·2R
A
R
B
C
A
-R
B
Thus a 50% duty cycle is achieved when R
A
= R
B
If the duty-cycle is to be varied over a small range about
50%, the connection shown in Figure 5 is slightly more
convenient. If no adjustment of the duty cycle is desired,
pins 4 and 5 can be shorted together, as shown in
Figure 6. This connection, however, carries an inherently
larger variation of the duty cycle.
With two separate timing resistors the frequency is given
by:
f
1
t
1
t
2
1
5
3
·R
A
C 1
RB
2RA–RB
or, if R
A
= R
B
= R
f
0.3
RC
(for Figure 4. )
If a single timing resistor is used (Figure 5and Figure 6),
the frequency is:
f
0.15
RC
The frequency of oscillation is independent of supply
voltage, even though none of the voltages are regulated
inside the integrated circuit. This is due to the fact that
both currents and thresholds are direct, linear function of
the supply voltage and thus their effects cancel.