
4
TC1221/1222-2 5/4/00
TC1221
TC1222
High Frequency Switched Capacitor
Voltage Converters with Shutdown
in SOT Packages
2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS21367A
Cascading Devices
Two or more TC1221/1222 can be cascaded to in-
crease output voltage (Figure 4). If the output is lightly
loaded, it will be close to (– 2 x VIN) but will droop at least by
ROUT of the first device multiplied by the IQ of the second. It
can be seen that the output resistance rises rapidly for
multiple cascaded devices.
Paralleling Devices
To reduce the value of ROUT, multiple TC1221/1222's
can be connected in parallel (Figure 5). The output resis-
tance will be reduced by a factor of N where N is the number
of TC1221/1222. Each device will require its own pump
capacitor (C1), but all devices may share one reservoir
capacitor (C2). However, to preserve ripple performance
the value of C2 should be scaled according to the number
of paralleled TC1221/1222.
Figure 4. Cascading Multiple Devices to Increase Output Voltage
Capacitor Selection
In order to maintain the lowest output resistance and
output voltage ripple, it is recommended that low ESR
capacitors be used. Additionally, larger values of C1 will
lower the output resistance and larger values of C2 will
reduce output ripple. (See Equation 1(b) and Equation 3).
Table 1 shows various values of C1 and the correspond-
ing output resistance values @ +25
°C. It assumes a 0.1
ESRC1 and 2 RSW. Table 2 shows the output voltage ripple
for various values of C2. The VRIPPLE values assume 10mA
output load current and 0.1
ESRC2.
Table 1. Output Resistance vs. C1 (ESR = 0.1
)
C1(
F)
TC1221
TC1222
ROUT (
)
ROUT (
)
0.22
52.9
22.6
0.33
40.8
20.5
0.47
33.5
19.4
1.0
25
17.8
Table 2. Output Voltage Ripple vs. C2 (ESR = 0.1
) IOUT 10mA
C2
TC1221
TC1222
(
F)
VRIPPLE (mV)
0.22
366
63
0.33
244
42
0.47
172
30
1.0
82
15
Input Supply Bypassing
The VIN input should be capacitively bypassed to reduce
AC impedance and minimize noise effects due to the internal
switching of the device. The recommended capacitor de-
pends on the configuration of the TC1221/1222.
Shutdown Input
The TC1221/1222 is enabled when SHDN is high, and
disabled when SHDN is low. This input cannot be allowed to
float. The SHDN input should be limited to 0.5V above VIN
to avoid significant current flows.
Voltage Inverter
The most common application for charge pump devices
is the inverter (Figure 3). This application uses two exter-
rnal capacitors: C1 and C2 (plus a power supply bypass
capacitor, if necessary). The output is equal to –VIN plus
any voltage drops due to loading. Refer to Table 1 and Table
2 for capacitor selection.
Figure 3. Test Circuit
3
2
4
5
1
C3
C1
C2
V
IN
V
OUT
R
L
TC1221
TC1222
C1–
IN
OUT
C1+
GND
Voltage Inverter
Device
C1
C2
C3
TC1221
TC1222
SHDN
6
1F
0.22 F
C1
C2
6
4
3
4
1
2
1
3
C2
V
IN
V
OUT
V
OUT = –nVIN
TC1221
TC1222
"1"
TC1221
TC1222
"n"
. . .
SHDN
V
IN
5