
RC4200
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
14
REV. 1.2.1 6/14/01
Reducing Mismatch Errors
You need not use 0.01% resistors to reduce resistor product
mismatch errors. Here are a couple of ways to obtain
maximum accuracy out of the extended range multiplier
(see Figure 4) using 1% resistors.
Method 1
V
X
feedthrough, for example, occurs when V
Y
= 0 and
V
OSY
≠
0. This V
X
feedthrough will equal ±V
X
V
OSY
.
Also, if V
OSZ
≠
0, there is a V
X
feedthrough equal to
V
X
V
OSZ
. A resistor-product error of
α
will cause a V
X
feedthrough of ±
α
V
X
. Likewise, V
Y
feedthrough errors are:
±V
Y
V
OSX
, ±V
Y
V
OSZ
and ±
β
V
Y
Total feedthrough:
±V
X
V
OSY
±V
Y
V
OSX
±
α
V
X
±
β
V
Y
±(V
X
+ V
Y
) V
OSZ
By carefully abusing X
OS
(R
5
), Y
OS
(R
9
) and Z
OS
(R
20
) this
equation can be made to very nearly equal zero and the
feedthrough error will practically disappear.
A residual of set will probably remain which can be trimmed
outwith V
OS
(R
16
) at the output of amp.
Method 2
Notice that the ratios of R
1
R
b
:R
CX
R
d
and R
2
R
a
:R
CY
R
d
are
both dependent of R
d
also that R
1
, R
2
, R
a
and R
b
are all
functions of the maximum input requirements. By designing
a multiplier for the same input ranges on both V
X
and V
Y
then R
1
= R
2
, R
CX
= R
CY
and R
a
= R
b
. (Note: it is accept-
able to design a four quadrant multiplier and use only two
quadrants of it.)
Select R
d
to be 1% or 2% below (or above) the calculated
value. This will cause
α
and
β
to both be positive (or nega-
tive) by nearly the same amount. Now the effective value of
R
d
can be trimmed with an offset adjustment Z
OS
(R
20
) on
pin 5.
This technique causes: a slight gain error which can be com-
pensated with the R
0
value, and an output of offset error that
can be trimmed with V
OS
(R
16
) on the output op amp.
Extended Range Divider
The only cross-product error of interest is the V
Z
feedthrough (V
X
= 0 and V
OSX
≠
0) which is easily adjusted
with X
OS
(R
5
). See Figure 6.
Resistor product mismatch will cause scaling errors (gain)
that could be a problem for very low values of V
Z
. Adjust-
ments to Y
OS
(R
18
) can be made to improve the high gain
accuracy.
Square Root and Squaring
These circuits are functions of single variables so
feedthrough, as such, is not a consideration. Cross product
errors will effect incremental accuracy that can be corrected
Y
OS
(R
14
) or Z
OS
(R
10
). See Figure 9 and Figure 11.