
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS40143A-page 49
PIC16C55X
8.0
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
Each PIC16C55X instruction is a 14-bit word divided
into an OPCODE which specifies the instruction type
and one or more operands which further specify the
operation of the instruction. The PIC16C55X instruc-
tion set summary in Table 8-2 lists
bit-oriented
, and
literal and control
Table 8-1 shows the opcode field descriptions.
For
byte-oriented
instructions, 'f' represents a file
register designator and 'd' represents a destination
designator. The file register designator specifies which
file register is to be used by the instruction.
The destination designator specifies where the result of
the operation is to be placed. If 'd' is zero, the result is
placed in the W register. If 'd' is one, the result is placed
in the file register specified in the instruction.
For
bit-oriented
instructions, 'b' represents a bit field
designator which selects the number of the bit affected
by the operation, while 'f' represents the number of the
file in which the bit is located.
For
literal and control
operations, 'k' represents an
eight or eleven bit constant or literal value.
byte-oriented
operations.
,
TABLE 8-1:
OPCODE FIELD
DESCRIPTIONS
Field
Description
f
W
b
k
x
Register file address (0x00 to 0x7F)
Working register (accumulator)
Bit address within an 8-bit file register
Literal field, constant data or label
Don't care location (= 0 or 1)
The assembler will generate code with x = 0. It is the
recommended form of use for compatibility with all
Microchip software tools.
Destination select; d = 0: store result in W,
d = 1: store result in file register f.
Default is d = 1
Label name
Top of Stack
Program Counter
Program Counter High Latch
Global Interrupt Enable bit
Watchdog Timer/Counter
Time-out bit
Power-down bit
Destination either the W register or the specified
register file location
Options
Contents
Assigned to
Register bit field
In the set of
User defined term (font is courier)
d
label
TOS
PC
PCLATH
GIE
WDT
TO
PD
dest
[ ]
( )
→
< >
∈
i
talics
The instruction set is highly orthogonal and is grouped
into three basic categories:
Byte-oriented
operations
Bit-oriented
operations
Literal and control
operations
All instructions are executed within one single
instruction cycle, unless a conditional test is true or the
program counter is changed as a result of an
instruction. In this case, the execution takes two
instruction cycles with the second cycle executed as a
NOP. One instruction cycle consists of four oscillator
periods. Thus, for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, the
normal instruction execution time is 1
conditional test is true or the program counter is
changed as a result of an instruction, the instruction
execution time is 2
μ
s.
Table 8-1 lists the instructions recognized by the
MPASM assembler.
Figure 8-1 shows the three general formats that the
instructions can have.
μ
s. If a
All examples use the following format to represent a
hexadecimal number:
0xhh
where h signifies a hexadecimal digit.
FIGURE 8-1:
GENERAL FORMAT FOR
INSTRUCTIONS
Note:
To maintain upward compatibility with
future PIC16CXX products, do not use the
OPTION
and
TRIS
instructions.
Byte-oriented
file register operations
13 8 7 6 0
OPCODE d f (FILE #)
d = 0 for destination W
d = 1 for destination f
f = 7-bit file register address
Bit-oriented
file register operations
13 10 9 7 6 0
OPCODE b (BIT #) f (FILE #)
b = 3-bit bit address
f = 7-bit file register address
Literal and control
operations
13 8 7 0
OPCODE k (literal)
k = 8-bit immediate value
13 11 10 0
OPCODE k (literal)
k = 11-bit immediate value
General
CALL
and
GOTO
instructions only
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