
1999 Oct 28
31
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
8-bit microcontrollers with DTMF generator
and 128 bytes EEPROM
PCA3351C; 52C; 53C;
PCD3351A; 52A; 53A
21 SOLDERING
21.1
Introduction
Thistextgivesaverybriefinsighttoacomplextechnology.
A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in
our “Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit Packages”
(document order number 9398 652 90011).
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC
packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when
through-holeandsurfacemountcomponentsaremixedon
one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not
always suitable for surface mount ICs, or for printed-circuit
boards with high population densities. In these situations
reflow soldering is often used.
21.2
Through-hole mount packages
21.2.1
S
OLDERING BY DIPPING OR BY SOLDER WAVE
The maximum permissible temperature of the solder is
260
°
C; solder at this temperature must not be in contact
with the joints for more than 5 seconds. The total contact
time of successive solder waves must not exceed
5 seconds.
The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but
the temperature of the plastic body must not exceed the
specified maximum storage temperature (T
stg(max)
printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling
may be necessary immediately after soldering to keep the
temperature within the permissible limit.
21.2.2
M
ANUAL SOLDERING
Apply the soldering iron (24 V or less) to the lead(s) of the
package, either below the seating plane or not more than
2 mm above it. If the temperature of the soldering iron bit
is less than 300
°
C it may remain in contact for up to
10 seconds. If the bit temperature is between
300 and 400
°
C, contact may be up to 5 seconds.
21.3
Surface mount packages
21.3.1
R
EFLOW SOLDERING
Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of
fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied
to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or
pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.
Several methods exist for reflowing; for example,
infrared/convection heating in a conveyor type oven.
Throughput times (preheating, soldering and cooling) vary
between 100 and 200 seconds depending on heating
method.
Typical reflow peak temperatures range from
215 to 250
°
C. The top-surface temperature of the
packages should preferable be kept below 230
°
C.
21.3.2
W
AVE SOLDERING
Conventional single wave soldering is not recommended
forsurfacemountdevices(SMDs)orprinted-circuitboards
with a high component density, as solder bridging and
non-wetting can present major problems.
To overcome these problems the double-wave soldering
method was specifically developed.
If wave soldering is used the following conditions must be
observed for optimal results:
Use a double-wave soldering method comprising a
turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a
smooth laminar wave.
For packages with leads on two sides and a pitch (e):
– larger than or equal to 1.27 mm, the footprint
longitudinal axis is
preferred
to be parallel to the
transport direction of the printed-circuit board;
– smaller than 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis
must
be parallel to the transport direction of the
printed-circuit board.
The footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the
downstream end.
Forpackageswithleadsonfoursides,thefootprintmust
be placed at a 45
°
angle to the transport direction of the
printed-circuit board. The footprint must incorporate
solder thieves downstream and at the side corners.
During placement and before soldering, the package must
be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be
applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the
adhesive is cured.
Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250
°
C.
A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal
of corrosive residues in most applications.
21.3.3
M
ANUAL SOLDERING
Fix the component by first soldering two
diagonally-opposite end leads. Use a low voltage (24 V or
less) soldering iron applied to the flat part of the lead.
Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to
300
°
C.
When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be
soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between
270 and 320
°
C.