
1.)  Find Driver Power Dissipation
      P
D
 = [(quiescent current) x (+V
S 
- (-V
S
))] +
               [(+V
S
-V
O
) x I
OUT
]
           = [(50mA) x (80V)] + [(20V) x (0.05A)]
           = 4W + 1.0W
           = 5Watts
2.)  For conservative design, set T
J
=+125°C.
3.)  For this example, worst case T
A
=+50°C
4.)  R
θ
JC
 = 12°C/W from MSK 1461B Data Sheet
5.)  R
θ
CS
 = 0.15°C/W for most thermal greases
6.)  Rearrange governing equation to solve for R
θ
SA
      R
θ
SA
 = ((T
J
 - T
A
)/P
D
) - (R
θ
JC
) - (R
θ
CS
)
             = ((125°C - 50°C) / 5W) - (12°C/W) - (.15°C/W)
 2.85°C/W
The heat sink in this example must have a thermal
resistance of no more than 2.85°C/W to maintain a junc-
tion temperature of no more than +125°C
.
APPLICATION NOTES
HEAT SINKING
     To select the correct heat sink for your application,
refer to the thermal model and governing equation below.
Thermal Model:
Governing Equation:
CURRENT LIMIT
     The output current of the MSK 1461 is internally lim-
ited to approximately ±750mA by two 0.8
 internal cur-
rent limit resistors.  Additional current limit can be achieved
through the use of two external current limit resistors.
One resistor (+R
SC
) limits the positive output current and
the other (-R
SC
) limits the negative output current.  The
value of the current limit resistors can be determined as
follows:
  ±R
SC
 = [(0.65V/±I
LIM
) - 0.8
]
     Since the 0.65V term is obtained from the base to
emitter voltage drop of a bipolar transistor, the equation
only holds true for +25°C operation.  As case tempera-
ture increases, the 0.65V term will decrease making the
actual current limit set point decrease slightly.
T
J
=P
D
 x (R
θ
JC
 + R
θ
CS
 + R
θ
SA
) + T
A
Where
    T
J
 = Junction Temperature
    P
D
 = Total Power Dissipation
    R
θ
JC
 = Junction to Case Thermal Resistance
    R
θ
CS
 = Case to Heat Sink Thermal Resistance
    R
θ
SA
 = Heat Sink to Ambient Thermal Resistance
    T
C
 = Case Temperature
    T
A
 = Ambient Temperature
    T
S
 = Sink Temperature
Example:
In our example the amplifier application requires the
output to drive a 20 volt peak sine wave across a 400
load for 50mA of peak output current.  For a worst case
analysis we will treat the 50mA peak output current as a
D.C. output current.  The power supplies shall be set to
±40VDC.
     The following schematic illustrates how to connect
each current limit resistor:
IN
     Any designer who has worked with power operational
amplifiers is familiar with Safe Operating Area (S.O.A.)
curves.  S.O.A. curves are a graphical representation of
the following three power limiting factors of any bipolar
transistor output op-amp.
     1. Wire Bond Current Carrying Capability
     2. Transistor Junction Temperature
     3. Secondary Breakdown Limitations
     Since the MSK 1461 utilizes a MOSFET output, there
are no secondary breakdown limitations and therefore no
need for S.O.A. curves.  The only limitation on output
power is the junction temperature of the output drive tran-
sistors.
     Whenever possible, junction temperature should be
kept below 150°C to ensure high reliability.  See "Heat
Sinking" for more information involving junction tempera-
ture calculations.
SAFE OPERATING AREA
     Both the negative and the positive power supplies must
be effectively decoupled with a high and low frequency
bypass circuit to avoid power supply induced oscillation.
An effective decoupling scheme consists of a 0.1μF ce-
ramic capacitor in parallel with a 4.7μF tantalum capaci-
tor from each power supply pin to ground.
POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING
INPUT OFFSET ADJUST CONNECTION
Rev. B  8/00
3