+48V Quad Hot-Swap Controllers For
Power-Over-LAN
16   ______________________________________________________________________________________
Overcurrent Faults
When an on-switch current exceeds the current-limit
threshold, foldback circuitry activates and regulates the
switch current. When the current limit lasts for longer
than t
O
, the switch latches off. The POK status flag is set
low, and the FAULT flag is set. If auto-retry is enabled,
the switch remains off for a period t
OFF
. If auto-retry is
disabled, the switch remains latched off, and FAULT is
low. Reset the latch and FAULT by driving correspond-
ing ON_ low.
Applications Information
Considerations for circuit design include output capaci-
tor requirements, current-limit requirements, setting the
maximum on-time in current limit, and choosing a suit-
able MOSFET and on-time duty cycle in auto-retry.
Output Capacitor Requirements
The load capacitor requirements should be determined
first, as this affects the required startup.
Current-Limit Requirements
(Choosing R
SENSE
)
The current limit should be set to at least 20% higher
than the expected full load current. If current limit is
also used to control startup current, then set this limit
high enough so that the output voltage can rise and
settle before t
O
elapses (see the Setting t
O
(Choosing
R
RTIM
) section).
Setting t
O
(Choosing R
RTIM
)
Choose the t
O
time by connecting a 2k& to 40k& resistor
from RTIM to DGND. The minimum 6.4ms t
O
is set with
R
RTIM
= 2k&. The maximum 128ms t
O
is set with R
RTIM
= 40k& set according to the following equation:
t
O
= (R
RTIM
/ 2k&) (6.4ms)
t
O
should be chosen appropriately, depending on the
startup condition. There are two cases:
1) For startup without current limit, when:
The startup current does not reach the maximum
current-limit threshold and t
O
will not activate during
startup condition. In this case, set t
O
to a small
value, but large enough to allow the switch to remain
on during large output load-current transients. The
smaller the t
O
, the faster the MAX5913A/MAX5914A
turn off the external FET in case of output overload
or short-circuit condition.
2) For startup with current limit, when:
which is expected when:
is large, t
O
must be set to be long enough to allow the
output voltage to rise and settle before t
O
elapses. In
this case, t
O
must satisfy the following equation:
where V
CC
is the input voltage and given that I
L
< I
LIM
.
Choosing Power MOSFET
The FET must withstand a short-circuit condition where
its power dissipation is P
DISS
= V
CC
I
LIM
. The FET
must have sufficient thermal capacitance to prevent
thermal heating damage during the t
O
time.
Choose Duty Cycle (Setting DC)
The duty cycle can be adjusted to allow time for heat to
dissipate between t
O
cycles, allowing use of smaller
MOSFETs with lower thermal capacitance. For smaller
duty cycle, a smaller FET is sufficient. See Table 2 for
setting the duty cycle.
The auto-retry off-time should not be too long to keep
the system wait time during retry period to a reasonable
value. For example, when t
O
is set to 128ms and duty
cycle is set to 1%, the retry time is 99
128ms = 12.7s.
Application Circuits
In a typical LAN system there are two ways to deliver
power over the LAN cable. Power can be supplied to
the unused cable pairs, or power can be supplied over
the signal pairs (Figures 9 and 10).
t    C
I
I
C
V
V
I
I
O    L
MAX    L
L
CC
MAX    L
=
+
18
2
3
18
C
C
L
GATE
I    I
C
C
I
V
R
GATE
L
GATE
L
SC
SENSE
  
=
+
?/DIV>
?/DIV>
?/DIV>
?/DIV>
?/DIV>
?/DIV>
e
I    I
C
C
I
V
R
GATE
L
GATE
L
SC
SENSE
=
+   <
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