M
450mA/500mA Current-Limit Switches
6
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Detailed Description
The MAX4795
–
MAX4798 are forward/reverse current-
limited switches that operate from a 2V to 4.5V input
voltage range and guarantee a 450mA and 500mA
minimum current-limit threshold for different options.
The voltage drop across an internal sense resistor is
compared to two reference voltages to indicate a for-
ward or reverse current-limit fault. When the load cur-
rent exceeds the preset current limit for greater than
the fault-blanking time, the switch opens.
The MAX4796 and MAX4798 have an autoretry function
that turns on the switch again after an internal retry time
expires. If the faulty load condition is still present after
the blanking time, the switch turns off again and the
cycle is repeated. If the faulty load condition is not pre-
sent, the switch remains on.
The MAX4795 and MAX4797 do not have the autoretry
option and the switch remains in latch-off mode until
the ON pin or the input power is cycled from high to low
and then high again.
Reverse-Current Protection
The MAX4795
–
MAX4798 limit the reverse current (V
OUT
to V
IN
) from exceeding the maximum I
REV
value. The
switch is shut off and
FLAG
is asserted if the reverse
current-limit condition persists for more than the blanking
time. This feature prevents excessive reverse currents
from flowing through the device.
Switch-On/Off Control
Toggle ON high to enable the current-limited switches.
The switches are continuously on if there is no fault.
When a forward/reverse current fault is present or the die
exceeds the thermal-shutdown temperature of +150
°
C,
OUT is internally disconnected from IN and the supply
current decreases to 8μA (latch off). The switch is now
operating in one of its off states. The switch-off state also
occurs when driving ON low, thus reducing the supply
current (shutdown) to 0.01μA. Table 1 illustrates the
ON/OFF state of the MAX4795
–
MAX4798 current-limit
switches.
FLAG
Indicator
The MAX4795
–
MAX4798 feature a latched output (
FLAG)
.
Whenever an overcurrent condition is encountered,
the MAX4795/MAX4797 latch
FLAG
low and turn the
switch off. The MAX4796/MAX4798 latch
FLAG
low and
keep it low until the overcurrent condition is removed.
During this time, the switch cycles on and off in the
autoretry mode. When the overcurrent condition is
removed,
FLAG
deasserts and the switch turns on
(Figure 2).
FLAG
is an open-drain output transistor and
requires an external pullup resistor from
FLAG
to IN.
During shutdown (ON is low), the pulldown on
FLAG
output is released to limit power dissipation.
FLAG
goes
low when any of the following conditions occur:
The die temperature exceeds the thermal-shutdown
temperature limit of +150
°
C.
The device is in current limit for more than the fault-
blanking period.
The switch is in autoretry.
SWITCH
STATUS
t
BLANK
OFF
ON
t
RETRY
CURRENT
LIMIT
SHORT
CONDITION
REMOVED
FLAG PIN
STATUS
t
BLANK
t
BLANK
Figure 2. MAX4796/MAX4798 Autoretry Fault-Blanking Diagram
ON
Low
High
FAULT
X
Thermal
SWITCH ON/OFF
SUPPLY CURRENT MODE
Shutdown
Latchoff
Latchoff
OFF
OFF immediately (t
BLANK
period does not apply)
OFF after t
BLANK
period has elapsed
ON during t
BLANK
period, OFF during t
RETRY
period for the
MAX4796 and MAX4798; cycle repeats until fault is removed
High
Current limit
See the
Autoretry
section
Table 1. MAX4795–MAX4798 Switch Truth Table