
LTC1760
31
sn1760 1760is
to turn on, the output side driver immediately drives the
gate of the output PFET approximately 6V below the
highest of the voltages present at the input/SCP. When the
output PFET turns on, the voltage at SCP will be pulled up
to a diode drop below the source voltage by the bulk diode
of the input PFET. If the source voltage is more than 25mV
above SCP, EAP will drive the gate of the input PFET low
until the input PFET turns on and reduces the voltage
across the input/SCP to the EAP set point, or until the
Zener clamp engages to limit the voltage applied to the
input PFET. If the source voltage drops more than 20mV
below SCP, then comparator CP turns on SWP to quickly
prevent large reverse current in the switch. This operation
mimics a diode with a low forward voltage drop.
8.1 Autonomous PowerPath Switching
The LOPWR comparator monitors the voltage at the load
through the resistor divider from pin SCN. If LTC
(POWER_OFF) is low and the LOPWR comparator trips,
then all of the switches are turned on (3-Diode mode) by
the Autonomous PowerPath Controller to ensure that the
system is powered from the source with the highest
voltage. The Autonomous PowerPath Controller waits
approximately 1second, to allow power to stabilize, and
then reverts back to the PowerPath switch configuration
requested by the PowerPath Management Algorithm. A
power fail counter is incremented to indicate that a failure
has occurred. If the power fail counter equals a value of 3,
then the the Autonomous PowerPath Controller sets the
switches to 3-Diode mode and BatterySystem-
StateCont(POWER_NOT_GOOD) will be set, provided the
LOPWR comparator is still detecting a low power event.
This is a three-strikes-and-you’re-out process which is
intended to debounce the POWER_NOT_GOOD indicator.
The power fail counter is reset when battery or AC pres-
ence change.
8.2 Short-Circuit Protection
Short-circuit protection operates in both a current mode
and a voltage mode. If the voltage between SCP and SCN
exceeds the short-circuit comparator threshold V
TSC
for more than 15ms, then all of the PowerPath
switches are turned off and BatterySystemState-
Cont (POWER_NOT_GOOD) is set. Similarly, if the voltage
OPERATIOU
at SCN falls below 3V for more than 15ms, then all of
the PowerPath switches are turned off and
POWER_NOT_GOOD is set high. The POWER_NOT_GOOD
bit is reset by removing all power sources and allowing the
voltage at V
PLUS
to fall below the UVLO threshold. If the
POWER_NOT_GOOD bit is set, charging is disabled until
V
PLUS
exceeds the UVLO threshold and the Charger Algo-
rithm allows charging to resume.
When a hard short-circuit occurs, it might pull all of the
power sources down to near 0V potentials. The capacitors
on V
CC
and V
PLUS
must be large enough to keep the circuit
operating correctly during the 15ms short-circuit event.
The charger will stop within a few microseconds, leaving
a small current which must be provided by the capacitor
on V
PLUS
. The recommended minimum values (1
μ
F on
V
PLUS
and 2
μ
F on V
CC
, including tolerances) should keep
the LTC1760 operating above the UVLO trip voltage long
enough to perform the short-circuit function when the
input voltages are greater than 8V. Increasing the capaci-
tor across V
CC
to 4.7
μ
F will allow operation down to the
recommended 6V minimum.
8.3 Emergency Turn-Off
All of the PowerPath switches can be forced off by setting
the DCDIV pin to a voltage between 8V and 10V. This will
have the same effect as a short-circuit event. DCDIV must
be less than 5V and V
PLUS
must decrease below the UVLO
threshold to re-enable the PowerPath switches. The
LTC1760 can recover from this condition without remov-
ing power. Contact Applications Engineering for more
information.
8.4 Power-Up Strategy.
All three PowerPath switches are turned on after V
PLUS
exceeds the UVLO threshold for more than 250ms. This
delay is to prevent oscillation from a turn-on transient near
the UVLO threshold.
9 The Voltage DAC Block
The voltage DAC (VDAC) is a delta-sigma modulator which
controls the effective value of an internal resistor,
R
VSET
=7.2k, used to program the maximum charger
voltage. Figure 7 is a simplified diagram of the VDAC
operation. The delta-sigma modulator and switch SWV
convert the VDAC value to a variable resistance equal to