
LT3958
16
3958f
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
period TS, three subintervals occur: DTS, D2TS, D3TS.
During DTS, M is on, and D is reverse-biased. During
D2TS, M is off, and LS is conducting current. Both LP and
LS currents are zero during D3TS.
The yback converter conversion ratio in the discontinu-
ous mode operation is:
VOUT
VIN
=
NS
NP
D
D2
According to Figure 6, the peak SW voltage is:
VSW(PEAK) = VIN(MAX) + VSN
where VSN is the snubber capacitor voltage. A smaller VSN
results in a larger snubber loss. A reasonable VSN is 1.5
to 2 times of the reected output voltage:
VSN =k
VOUT NP
NS
k = 1.5 ~ 2
According to the Absolute Maximum Ratings table, the SW
voltage Absolute Maximum value is 84V. Therefore, the
maximum primary to secondary turns ratio (for both the
continuous and the discontinuous operation) should be.
NP
NS
≤
84V VIN(MAX)
k VOUT
FLYBACK CONVERTER APPLICATIONS
The LT3958 can be congured as a yback converter for the
applications where the converters have multiple outputs,
high output voltages or isolated outputs. Figure 6 shows
a simplied yback converter.
The yback converter has a very low parts count for mul-
tiple outputs, and with prudent selection of turns ratio, can
have high output/input voltage conversion ratios with a
desirable duty cycle. However, it has low efciency due to
the high peak currents, high peak voltages and consequent
power loss. The yback converter is commonly used for
an output power of less than 50W.
The yback converter can be designed to operate either
in continuous or discontinuous mode. Compared to con-
tinuous mode, discontinuous mode has the advantage of
smaller transformer inductances and easy loop compen-
sation, and the disadvantage of higher peak-to-average
current and lower efciency.
Figure 7. Waveforms of the Flyback Converter
in Discontinuous Mode Operation
3958 F07
ISW
VSW
ID
t
DTS
D2TS
D3TS
ID(MAX)
TS
Figure 6. A Simplied Flyback Converter
NP:NS
VIN
CIN
CSN
VSN
LP
D
SUGGESTED
RCD SNUBBER
ID
ISW
3958 F06
GND
SW
LT3958
LS
+
–
RSN
DSN
+
–
+
VOUT
COUT
+
Flyback Converter: Switch Duty Cycle and Turns Ratio
The yback converter conversion ratio in the continuous
mode operation is:
VOUT
VIN
=
NS
NP
D
1D
where NS/NP is the second to primary turns ratio. D is
duty cycle.
Figure 7 shows the waveforms of the yback converter
in discontinuous mode operation. During each switching