
IRS2166D(S)PbF
www.irf.com
Page 13
0
0
I
LPFC
PFC
pin
near peak region of
rectified AC line
near zero-crossing region
of rectified AC line
Fig. 12:
On-time modulation near the zero-crossings
decrease below the internal 4.0 V threshold (V
BUSREG
), a
watch-dog pulse is forced on the PFC pin and normal
PFC operation is resumed.
Undervoltage Reset (UVR)
When the line input voltage is decreased, interrupted or a
brown-out condition occurs, the PFC feedback loop
causes the on-time of M
PFC
to increase in order to keep
the DC bus constant. Should the on-time increase too
far, the resulting peak currents in L
PFC
can exceed the
saturation current limit of L
PFC
. L
PFC
will then saturate and
very high peak currents and di/dt levels will occur. To
prevent this, the maximum on-time is limited by limiting
the maximum voltage on the COMP pin with an external
zener diode D
COMP
(Fig. 8). As the line input voltage
decreases, the COMP pin voltage and therefore the on-
time will eventually limit. The PFC can no longer supply
enough current to keep the DC bus fixed for the given
load power and the DC bus will begin to drop.
Decreasing the line input voltage further will cause the
VBUS pin to eventually decrease below the internal 3 V
threshold (V
BUSUV
) (Fig. 9). When this occurs, V
is
discharged internally below V
CCUV
-, the IRS2166D enters
UVLO mode and both the PFC and ballast sections are
disabled (see State Diagram). The start-up supply
resistor to V
CC
, together with the micro-power start-up
current of the IRS2166D, determines the line input turn-
on voltage. This should be set such that the ballast turns
on at a line voltage level above the undervoltage turn-off
level, V
CCUV+
. It is the correct selection of the value of the
supply resistor to V
and the zener diode on the COMP
pin that correctly program the on and off line input voltage
thresholds for the ballast. With these thresholds correctly
set, the ballast will turn off due to the 3.0 V undervoltage
threshold (V
BUSUV
) on the VBUS pin, and on again at a
higher line input voltage (hysteresis) due to the supply
resistor to V
. This hysteresis will result in a proper
reset of the ballast without flickering of the lamp,
bouncing of the DC bus or re-ignition of the lamp when
the DC bus is too low.
PFC Over-Current Protection
In case of fast on/off interruptions of the mains input
voltage or during normal lamp ignition, the DC bus
voltage level can decrease below the instantaneous
rectified line voltage. Should this occur, the PFC inductor
current and PFC MOSFET current can increase to high
levels causing the PFC inductor to saturate and/or the
PFC MOSFET to become damaged. During fast on/off
interruptions of the input mains voltage, the DC bus can
drop during the time when the mains voltage is
interrupted (off). Since V
CC
is still above UVLO-, the IC
will continue to operate and will increase the COMP pin
voltage to increase the PFC MOSFET on-time due to the
dropping of the DC bus. When the mains voltage returns
again quickly, (before V
CC
reaches UVLO-), the on-time of
the PFC MOSFET is too long for the given mains voltage
level resulting in high PFC inductor and MOSFET
currents that can saturate the inductor and/or damage the
PFC MOSFET (Fig. 13).
Fig. 13
: High PFC inductor current during fast mains
on/off (upper trace: DC Bus, 100 V/div; middle trace: AC
line input voltage, 100 V/div; lower trace: PFC inductor
current 1 A/div).
During lamp ignition, the DC bus can drop below the
rectified AC line voltage causing current to conduct
directly from the output of the rectifier, through the PFC
inductor and diode, to the DC bus capacitor. This results
in a low-frequency offset of current in the PFC inductor.
Since the zero-crossing detection circuit only detects the
high-frequency zero-crossing of the inductor current, the
PFC MOSFET will turn on again each cycle before the
inductor current has reached zero. This causes the PFC
to work in a continuous conduction mode and the sum of
the low-frequency and high-frequency components of
current can saturate the PFC inductor and/or damage the
PFC MOSFET. To protect against these conditions, a
current sense resistor (R
S
) can be inserted between the
source on the PFC MOSFET and ground, and a diode
(D4) connected from the top of this current sensing
resistor to the VBUS pin (Fig. 14).