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| 型號： | CONFERENCEPAPERREPRINT |
| 英文描述： | Conference Paper Reprint - Multimedia over FDDI (Paper) |
| 中文描述： | 會議文件再版-在FDDI（多媒體文件） |
| 文件頁數： | 6/28頁 |
| 文件大小： | 120K |
| 代理商： | CONFERENCEPAPERREPRINT |
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The video signal can consume tremendous bandwidth.
An uncompressed digital NTSC video can consume
anywhere from 90 Mbps to 200 Mbps depending on the
encoding. This is enough to overrun any existing network
capacity. Compressed video [[28], [29], [30], [32] offers a
significant reduction in the bandwidth needs while
maintaining similar picture quality. Video bandwidth can
be reduced in several ways:
Variable resolution
Variable frame rate
Reduced color fidelity
Removing intra-frame and inter-frame redundancy
Table 5: Video compression techniques, rates and bandwidth requirements
Compression technique
MPEG [30]
MPEG II
P x 64 [28]
frame rate (fps)
30
60-75
6-15
bandwidth
1.5 Mbps video stream
4-10 Mbps
64 kbps - 2 Mbps
5.1: Issues in video transmissions
Digital video characteristics have not been studied as
well as digital voice. It is difficult to characterize
compressed video, video codecs and effect of network
delay. The issue of compression algorithms and
implementations is beyond the scope of this paper and the
parameter of most interest to us is the network delay.
Using a well-known maxim that "
the human eye is
more forgiving than the human ear
", we can apply the
restriction that video must meet the same delay constraints
as those of voice. Depending on the video application,
this delay may vary.
We selected 100 ms as an acceptable end-to-end
latency [31], [32]. We assumed that codecs at each end
will consume 30 ms in processing each frame and
outputting data (at MPEG rates). This leaves an effective
40 ms latency for the network component of the latency.
Of this, 10 ms is the latency across the WAN, and the rest
is the LAN component of the delay. Assuming
symmetrical LANs, this leaves 15 ms per LAN acceptable
latency.
WAN
FDDI
FDDI
LAN latency
( 15 ms.)
End-to-end latency (100 ms.)
CODEC
latency
(30 ms)
CODEC
latency
(30 ms)
LAN latency
( 15 ms.)
WAN latency
(10 ms.)
Figure 2: Latency distribution across the network
If the maximum packet latency and hence the maximum
jitter between packets were to be restricted to less than 15
ms (as we targeted for the simulation), then the maximum
buffering required for a 1.5 Mbps stream would be
approximately 3 Kbytes, which is usual in an FDDI
adapter.
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