
2
Block Diagram of AEDR-8000 Encoder
PhaseError(
Df):Thedeviationofphase,inelectricalde-
grees,fromitsidealvalueof90°e.
PulseWidth(P):Thedurationofhighstateoftheoutput,
inelectricaldegrees,withinonecycle.Nominally180°e
orhalfacycle.
PulseWidthError(
DP):Thedeviationofpulsewidth,in
electricaldegrees,fromitsidealvalueof180°e.
Count(N):Thenumberofwindowandbarpairsperrevo-
lution(CPR)ofcodewheel.Forlinearcodestrip,defined
asthenumberofwindowandbarpairsperunitlength
(linesperinch[LPI]orlinespermm[LPmm]).
OneCycle(C):360electricaldegrees(°e).Equivalentto
onewindowandbarpair.
OneShaftRotation:360mechanicaldegrees.Alsoequiv-
alenttoNcounts(codewheelonly).
LineDensity:Thenumberofwindowandbarpairsper
unit length, expressed in either lines per inch (LPI) or
linespermm(LPmm).
Optical Radius (Rop): The distance between the code-
wheelcenterandthecenterlinebetweenthetwodomes
oftheencoder.
Gap(G):Thedistancefromthesurfaceoftheencoderto
thesurfaceofcodewheelorcodestrip.
SpecularReflectance(Rf):Theamountofincidentlight
reflected by a surface. Quantified in terms of the per-
centageofincidentlight.Aspectrometercanbeusedto
measure specular reflectance of a surface (contact fac-
toryformoreinformation).
RadialandTangentialMisalignmentError(ER,ET):Forro-
tarymotion,mechanicaldisplacementintheradialand
tangentialdirectionsrelativetothenominalalignment.
AngularMisalignmentError(EA):Angulardisplacement
oftheencoderrelativetothetangentialline.
SIGNAL
PROCESSING
CIRCUITRY
VCC
CH A
VLED
GND
CH B
GND
R
CODEWHEEL
or
CODESTRIP
Theory of Operation
TheAEDR8000Encoderseriescombinesanemitterand
a detector in a single surface mount leadless package.
Whenusedwithacodewheelorlinearcodestrip,theen-
codertranslatesrotaryorlinearmotionintodigitalout-
puts.Asseenintheblockdiagram,theAEDR-8000En-
coderseriesconsistsofthreemajorcomponents:alight
emittingdiode(LED)lightsource,adetectorICconsist-
ingphotodiodes,andlenstofocuslightbeamfromthe
emitteraswellaslightfallingonthedetector.
Theoperationoftheencoderisbasedontheprincipleof
opticswherethedetectorphotodiodessensetheabsence
andpresenceoflight.Inthiscase,therotary/linearmo-
tionofanobjectbeingmonitoredisconvertedtoequiv-
alent light pattern via the use of codewheel/codestrip.
Asshownintheabovediagram,thereflectivearea(win-
dow)ofthecodewheel(orcodestrip)reflectslightback
tothephotodetectorIC,whereasnolightisreflectedby
the non-reflective area (bar). An alternating light and
darkpattern,correspondingtothewindowandbar,falls
onthephotodiodesasthecodewheelrotates.Themov-
inglightpatternisexploitedbythedetectorcircuitryto
producedigitaloutputsrepresentingtherotationofthe
codewheel.Whenthecodewheeliscoupledtoamotor,
theencoderoutputsarethenadirectrepresentationof
themotorrotation.Thesameconceptappliestotheuse
ofacodestriptodetectlinearmotion.
Definitions
State Width (S): The number of electrical degrees be-
tween a transition in Channel A and the neighboring
transitioninChannelB.Thereare4statespercycle,each
nominally90°e.
StateWidth Error (
DS):The deviation of state width, in
electricaldegrees,fromitsidealvalueof90°e.
Phase(
f):Thenumberofelectricaldegreesbetweenthe
centerofhighstateofChannelAandthecenterofhigh
stateofChannelB.Nominally90°e.