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ADP3156
–6–
V
CC
SD
DRIVE1
SENSE+
SENSE–
DRIVE2
PGND
AGND
C
T
CMP
12V
1k
V
1
m
F
4700pF
0.1
m
F
V
OUT
1.2V
100k
V
0.1
m
F
ADP3156
OP27
Figure 12. Closed-Loop Test Circuit for Accuracy
THEORY OF OPERATION
The ADP3156 uses a current-mode, constant-off-time control
technique to switch a pair of external N-channel MOSFETs in a
synchronous buck topology. Constant off-time operation offers
several performance advantages, including that no slope com-
pensation is required for stable operation. A unique feature of
the constant-off-time control technique is that since the off-time
is fixed, the converter’s switching frequency is a function of the
ratio of input voltage to output voltage. The fixed off-time is
programmed by the value of an external capacitor connected to
the C
T
pin. The on-time varies in such a way that a regulated
output voltage is maintained as described below in the cycle-by-
cycle operation. Under fixed operating conditions the on-time
does not vary, and it varies only slightly as a function of load.
This means that switching frequency is fairly constant in stan-
dard VRM applications. In order to maintain a ripple current in
the inductor, which is independent of the output voltage (which
also helps control losses and simplify the inductor design), the
off-time is made proportional to the value of the output voltage.
Normally, the output voltage is constant and therefore the off-
time is constant as well.
Active Voltage Positioning
The output voltage is sensed at the SENSE– pin. SENSE– is
connected to an internal voltage divider. The output of the
divider is then compared to the internal reference. A unique
supplemental regulation technique called active voltage posi-
tioning with optimal compensation adjusts the output voltage as
a function of the load current so that it is always optimally posi-
tioned for a load transient. Standard (passive) voltage position-
ing, sometimes recommended for use with other architectures,
has poor dynamic performance which renders it ineffective
under the stringent repetitive transient conditions specified in
Intel VRM documents. Consequently, such techniques do not
allow the minimum possible number of output capacitors to be
used. Optimally compensated active voltage positioning, as used
in the ADP3156, provides a bandwidth for transient response
that is limited only by parasitic output inductance. This yields
an optimal load transient response with the minimum number
of output capacitors.
Cycle-by-Cycle Operation
During normal operation (when the output voltage is regulated),
the voltage-error amplifier and the current comparator (CMPI)
are the main control elements. (See the block diagram of Figure
3). During the on-time of the high side MOSFET, CMPI
monitors the voltage between the SENSE+ and SENSE– pins.
When the voltage level between the two pins reaches the thresh-
old level V
T1
, the high side drive output is switched to ground,
which turns off the high side MOSFET. The timing capacitor
C
T
is then discharged at a rate determined by the off-time con-
troller. While the timing capacitor is discharging, the low side
drive output goes high, turning on the low side MOSFET. When
the voltage level on the timing capacitor has discharged to the
threshold voltage level V
T2
, comparator CMPT resets the SR
flip-flop. The output of the flip-flop forces the low side drive
output to go low and the high side drive output to go high. As a
result, the low side switch is turned off and the high side switch
is turned on. The sequence is then repeated. As the load current
increases, the output voltage starts to decrease. This causes an
increase in the output of the voltage-error amplifier, which, in
turn, leads to an increase in the current comparator threshold
V
T1
, thus tracking the load current. To prevent cross conduc-
tion of the external MOSFETs, feedback is incorporated to
sense the state of the driver output pins. Before the low side
drive output can go high, the high side drive output must be
low. Likewise, the high side drive output is unable to go high
while the low side drive output is high.
Power Good
The ADP3156 has an internal monitor that senses the output
voltage and drives the PWRGD pin of the device. This pin is an
open drain output whose high level (when connected to a pull-
up resistor) indicates that the output voltage has been within a
±
5% regulation band of the targeted value for more than 500
μ
s.
The PWRGD pin will go low if the output is outside the regula-
tion band for more than 500
μ
s.
Output Crowbar
An added feature of using an N-channel MOSFET as the syn-
chronous switch is the ability to crowbar the output with the
same MOSFET. If the output voltage is 15% greater than the
targeted value, the ADP3156 will turn on the lower MOSFET,
which will current-limit the source power supply or blow its
fuse, pull down the output voltage, and thus save the micropro-
cessor from destruction. The crowbar function releases at ap-
proximately 50% of the nominal output voltage. For example, if
the output is programmed to 2.0 V, but is pulled up to 2.3 V or
above, the crowbar will turn on the lower MOSFET. If in this
case the output is pulled down to less than 1.0 V, the crowbar
will release, allowing the output voltage to recover to 2.0 V if
the fault condition has been removed.
Shutdown
The ADP3156 has a shutdown (SD) pin that is pulled down by
an internal resistor. In this condition the device functions nor-
mally. This pin should be pulled high to disable the output
drives.
APPLICATION INFORMATION
A number of power conversion requirements must be consid-
ered when designing an ACPI compliant system. In normal
operating mode, 12 V, 5 V and 3.3 V are available from the
main supply. These voltages need to be converted into the
appropriate supply voltages for the Northbridge core, the
Southbridge core and RAMBUS memory, as well as supplies for
GTL and I/O drivers, CMOS memory and clock and graphics
(AGP) circuits.
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| ADP3156JR-18 | Dual Power Supply Controller for Desktop Systems |
| ADP3156JR-25 | Dual Power Supply Controller for Desktop Systems |
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相關(guān)代理商/技術(shù)參數(shù) |
參數(shù)描述 |
|---|---|
| ADP3156JR-18 | 制造商:AD 制造商全稱:Analog Devices 功能描述:Dual Power Supply Controller for Desktop Systems |
| ADP3156JR-2.5 | 制造商:Rochester Electronics LLC 功能描述:- Bulk |
| ADP3156JR-25 | 制造商:AD 制造商全稱:Analog Devices 功能描述:Dual Power Supply Controller for Desktop Systems |
| ADP3157 | 制造商:AD 制造商全稱:Analog Devices 功能描述:5-Bit Programmable Synchronous Controller for Pentium III Processors |
| ADP3157J | 制造商:Analog Devices 功能描述: |
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