REV. 0
–20–
AD8369
APPENDIX
Characterization Equipment
Two sets of automated characterization equipment were used to
obtain the majority of the information contained in this data sheet.
An Agilent N4441A Balanced Measurement System was used to
obtain the gain, phase, group delay, reverse isolation, CMRR,
and s-parameter information. Except for the s-parameter informa-
tion, T-attenuator pads were used to match the 50
W impedance of
the ports of this instrument to the AD8369.
An Anritsu MS4623B “Scorpion” Vector Network Analyzer was
used to obtain nonlinear measurements IMD3, IP3, and P1dB
through matching baluns and attenuator networks.
Definitions of Selected Parameters
Common-mode rejection ratio (TPC 14) has been defined for
this characterization effort as:
Differential Mode forwardgain
Common Mode forwardgain
-
,
where the numerator is the gain into a differential load at the
output due to a differential source at the input and the denomina-
tor is the gain into a common-mode load at the output due to a
common-mode source at the input. In terms of mixed-mode
s-parameters, this equates to:
SDD
SCC
21
Reverse isolation (TPC 17) is defined as SDD12.
More information on mixed-mode s-parameters can be obtained
in the a reference by Bockelman, D.E. and Eisenstadt, W.R.,
Combined Differential and Common-Mode Scattering Parameters:
Theory and Simulation. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory
and Techniques, v 43, n 7, 1530 (July 1995).
Composite Waveform Assumption
The nonlinear two-tone measurements made for this data sheet,
i.e., IMD3 and IP3, are based on the assumption of a fixed value
composite waveform at the output, generally 1 V p-p. The fre-
quencies of interest dictate the use of RF test equipment and
because this equipment is generally not designed to work in
units of volts, but rather watts and dBm, an assumption was
made to simplify equipment setup and operation.
Two sinusoidal tones can be represented as:
Vf t
11
2
=
()
sin
p
Vf t
22
2
=
()
sin
p
The average voltage of one tone is:
11
2
0
1
2
T
Vdt
T
() =
where T is the period of the waveform. The average voltage of the
two-tone composite signal is:
1
0
12
2
T
VVdt
T
+
() =
So each tone contributes 1/
÷2 to the average composite ampli-
tude in terms of voltage. It can be shown that the average
power of this composite waveform is two times greater, or 3dB,
than that of the single tone. This principle can be used to set
correct input amplitudes from generators scaled in dBm and
is correct if the two tones are of equal amplitude and are not
farther than 1 percent apart in frequency.
RL
R1
10nF
CONTROL INTERFACE
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
PWUP VPOS SENB
FILT CMDC OPHI
INHI COMM
INLO
DENB
COMM BIT0
BIT1
BIT2
BIT3
AD8369
OPLO
0.1 F
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
VS
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
AGILENT N4441A
(ALL PORTS 50 )
R1
10nF
R2
10nF
69.8
10nF
0.1 F
1nF
RL= 200 DIFFERENTIAL: R1 = 69.8 , R2 = 69.8
RL= 1000 DIFFERENTIAL: R1 = 475 , R2 = 52.3
Figure 12. Balanced Measurement System Setup