參數(shù)資料
型號(hào): L4992
廠商: STMICROELECTRONICS
元件分類: 穩(wěn)壓器
英文描述: SWITCHING CONTROLLER, 300 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, PQFP32
封裝: TQFP-32
文件頁(yè)數(shù): 7/26頁(yè)
文件大?。?/td> 296K
代理商: L4992
which affects efficiency at low load currents. Besides, this current is drawn from the REG5 line whose
source capability, ISRC (25mA min), must not be exceeded, thus a further constraint concernes the MOS-
FET total gate charge (@ Vgs = 5V);
Qg
ISRC
4
fSW
,
assuming four identical MOSFET’s.
The Schottky diode to be placed in parallel to the synchronous rectifier must have a reverse voltage
VRRM greater than Vinmax. Since it conducts for less than 5% of the switching period, the current rating
can be much lower than Iout. The selection criterion should be:
Vf(schottky) < Vf(body-diode) @ I = ILpk
Sense Resistors
The sense resistor of each section is selected according to their respective maximum output current. The
current sense comparator limits the inductor peak current and therefore the maximum DC output current
is the peak value less half of the peak-to-peak ripple. The intervention threshold is set at 100 mV for both
sections, thus the resistor values should be:
Rsense5
=
100
IL5pk
[m
]
Rsense3
=
100
IL3pk
[m
]
Since the comparator threshold that triggers pulse-skipping mode is 26mV, the output current at which
the system enters this kind of operation is approximately one fourth of the maximum output current.
The sense resistors values are in the low milliohms thus it is important to take correctly the current sense
signals. Make sure that the Kelvin connections between the current sense pins of the IC and the sense
resistor do not carry the output current.
Input Capacitors
A pulsed current (with zero average value) flows through the input capacitor of a buck converter. The AC
component of this current is quite high and dissipates a considerable amount of power on the ESR of the
capacitor:
PCin
= ESR Iout
2
Vout
(Vin Vout)
Vin
2
It is easy to find that PCin has a maximum equal to (1/2)
Iout (@ Vin=2 Vout, that is, 50% duty cycle).
The input capacitor of each section, therefore, should be selected for a RMS ripple current rating as high
as half the respective maximum output current.
The capacitance value is not very important but in reality a minimum value must be ensured for stability
reasons. In fact, switching regulators exhibit a negative input impedance that, at low frequencies, is:
Zin(DC) =
Vin
2
Vout
Iout
thus, if the impedance of the power source is not well below the absolute value of Zin(DC) at frequencies
up to the bandwidth of the regulator control loop, there is the possibility for oscillations. To ensure stabil-
ity, the following condition must be satisfied:
Cin
>>
Leq
ESRin
| Zin(DC) |
where Leq is the inductance of the circuit upstream the switching regulator input and ESRin is related to
the input capacitor itself.
The use of high performance electrolytic capacitors is recommended. If a higher cost is of no concern,
OS-CON capacitors are an excellent choice because they offer the smallest size for a given ESR or cur-
rent rating. Tantalum capacitors do not tolerate pulsed current, so their use is not advisable.
DESIGN PROCEDURE (continued)
L4992
15/26
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